WATER STARWORT FAMILY 435 



and Sonoma, Fenley 592 ; Olema, Marin Co., Jepson 13,822 ; Lake San Andreas, San Mateo Co., 

 Elmer 4279. Sierra Nevada: Dixey Mts., Lassen Co., Bdlcer Sf Nutting ; Sierra Valley, Lemmon; 

 Chico, Kennedy; Jackson, Amador Co., Hansen; Pinehurst, Fresno Co., Ottley 1419. Great Val- 

 ley: Chico, Kennedy; Oakdale, Stanislaus Co., Mason 5170; Madera, Mason 5111. San Bernar- 

 dino Mts. : Bluff Lake, Mum 10,483. 



Var. verna Fenley comb. n. Terrestrial, not over 3 inches high ; leaves of the floating tj^pe 

 few, their blades smaller, 1 to 2 lines long ; submersed leaves with blades 2 to 5 lines long ; fruits 

 broadly winged, oblong, Y^ to % line long ; styles shorter than the fruit, always early fugacious ; 

 bracts small, inconspicuous, filiform; filaments Ya line long. — Butte Co. (Jonesville, Copeland) ; 

 Humboldt Co. {Tracy 2995). East to the Atlantic. Europe. 



Var. bolanderi Jepson comb. n. Plants entirely aquatic; leaves crowded on the stem, their 

 blades mostly linear, subauriculate at base tapering to deeply notched apex, Y2 to 2Y2 inches long; 

 emersed leaves few, forming rosettes at surface of water, their blades roundish-obovate to spatu- 

 late, 1 to 5 lines long (or absent if plant is submersed) ; bracts small, linear or filiform. — Cold 

 fresh water, 100 to 1250 feet: North Coast Eanges from Humboldt Co. to San Mateo Co.; Sierra 

 Nevada foothills and bordering plains from Eldorado Co. to Mariposa Co.; San Diego Co. North 

 to British Columbia. Mar.-May 



Locs. — Alton, Humboldt Co., Tracy 4025; Boggs Lake, Mt. Hanna, Lake Co., BlanTcinship ; 

 Kenwood, Sonoma Co., Bioletti; Napa Valley, near Calistoga, Jepson 13,821 ; Santa Rosa (e. of), 

 Fenley 564, 632 ; Mt. St. Helena, Napa Co., Fenley 554 ; Inverness Ridge, Marin Co., Fenley 646b ; 

 Spring Valley reservoir, San Mateo Co., Fenley 674. Sierra Nevada foothills and bordering 

 plains from Eldorado Co. to Mariposa Co.: Pilot Hill, Eldorado Co., K. Brandegee ; Clements, 

 San Joaquin Co., Mason 5202; Montezuma, Tuolumne Co., Hormay 710; Oakdale (e. of), Stanis- 

 laus Co., Mason C5; Merced River, Mariposa Co., Congdon. San Diego Co.: Julian, Parish 1404. 



Refs. — Callitriche palustris L. Sp. PI. 969 (1753), type from Europe; Jepson, Fl. W. 

 Mid. Cal. 264 (1901), ed. 2, 248 (1911), Man. 603 (1925), Var. verna Fenley. C. verna L. FL 

 Suec. ed. 2, 2: n. 3 (1755), type European. C. brevifolia Pursh, Fl. 3 (1814), "New York to Vir- 

 ginia". Var. bolanderi Jepson. C. bolanderi Hegelm. Verhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 10:116 

 (1868), type loc. Auburn, Placer Co., Bolander 4528. 



3. C. stenocarpa Hegelm. Sierra Starwort. Plants entirely aquatic; stems 

 filiform, 8 to 18 inches long, mostly naked, the 3 to 6 opposite pairs of leaves form- 

 ing a terminal rosette; blades of floating leaves 3-nerved with rounded apices, 

 spatulate to round-obovate, 2 to 5 (or 7) lines long; petioles distinctly marked with 

 stellate pits, 1 to 31/2 lines long; blades of submersed leaves linear, few or absent, 

 1-nerved, sessile to subauriculate, 1 to 4 lines long, slightly emarginate; bracts 

 conspicuous, obovate when inflated, absent in old flowers, ^4 to % line long; sta- 

 mens present in nearly every fruiting axil; filaments I/2 to 1% lines long; styles 

 deciduous or persistent, filiform, i/4 to % line long; fruits subquadrate, flattened, 

 usually sessile (rarely with peduncles 2 lines long) sharply margined or broadly 

 winged, deeply notched at apex, i/^ to % line long. 



Clear cold pools, 500 to 6000 feet: high Sierra Nevada. in Nevada Co.; Sierra 

 Nevada foothills and bordering plains from Calaveras Co. to Merced Co.; western 

 San Diego Co. Mar.-Aug. 



Note on relationship. — This species closely resembles the aquatic form of Callitriche margi- 

 nata var. longipedunculata, differing chieflly with respect to the sessile fruits. Other differences 

 are the better development of linear and intermediate cauline leaves, the longer filaments and the 

 winged fruits. 



Locs. — Castle Peak (Mt. Stanford), Nevada Co., Sonne; Valley Sprs., Calaveras Co.; Oak- 

 dale, Stanislaus Co.; LaGrange, Merced Co., Hormay 704; San Diego, Ahrams 3450. 



Refs. — Callitriche stenocarpa Hegelm. Verhand. Bot. Ver. Brandenb. 10:114 (1868), type 

 loe. Searsville, Bolander, in 1864 (first spm. cited), also Russian River, Ukiah, Bolander 3870. 

 C. palustris var. stenocarpa Jepson, Man. 603 (1925). 



4, C. autumnalis L. Northern Water Starwort. Plants submersed in 

 streams or fresh ponds; stems delicate, not forming tangled masses, 3 to 10 inches 

 long; herbage without stellate pits; leaves not crowded, except somewhat on ends 

 of branches, the blades very thin, 1-nerved, all linear to linear-lanceolate, broader 

 at base, clasping or subauriculate, deeply notched at apex, 3 to 12 lines long; stel- 

 late pits few; bracts obsolete (rarely present) ; flowers 2 or 3 at a node, or often 

 only one, the upper sometimes pistillate, the lower staminate; filaments % line 

 long; styles early deciduous, deflexed, % to 1 line long; fruits sessile or subsessile, 



