BUCKTHORN FAMILY 459 



Locs. — Mt. Eddy, Siskiyou Co., Copeland 3863 ; Dunsmuir, Jepson 6171 ; Upper FaU River 

 Valley, Jepson 5774; Egg Lake, Modoc Co., M. S. Baher ; betw. Fourteen-mile House and Forest 

 Ranch, Butte Co., Eeller 11,404; Engels, Light Creek, Plumas Co., Jepson 8004; Pioneer sta., 

 Sierra Co., Jepson 16,846; Truckee, Sonne 343; Mt. Tallac, Jepson 8128; Huntington Lake, 

 Fresno Co., A. L. Grant 1097. 



Var. obtusissima Jepson comb. n. Leaf -blades elliptic or broadly oblong, very obtuse, 

 serrulate, 1 to 1% inches long, often puberulent beneath, slightly yellowish when dried; lateral 

 veins many, disposed to be straightish ; umbels disposed to be sessile ; calyx -lobes with a promi- 

 nent median ridge inside ; anthers often with a black longitudinal band. — Sierra Nevada, 2500 

 to 6000 feet, north to Mt. Shasta, south to the San Bernardino Mts. 



Locs. — Sierra Nevada: Castella, Shasta Co., Eosenbanm ; Forestdale, sw. Modoc Co., M. S. 

 Baker; Morgan Sprs., Tehama Co., Jepson 12,324; Fallen Leaf, Eldorado Co., Ottley 919; 

 Calaveras Big Trees, Bavy 1543 ; Yosemite Valley, Jepson 10,482 ; Kinsley, Mariposa Co., Char- 

 lotte Hoah; Clover Mdw., Soquel ridge, Madera Co., Kennedy; South Fork sta., Fresno Co., E. 

 Brandegee; Mt. Moses, Tulare Co., Furpus 1446; Fay Creek, Weldon, Kern Co., W. P. Taylor; 

 San Bernardino Mts., Parish. On the lower margins of its altitudinal range it passes into forms 

 which are indistinguishable from R. calif ornica, such as: Hetch-Hetchy, Jepson 3439; Yosemite, 

 Jepson 5669. 



Refs. — Rhakntjs rubra Greene, Pitt. 1:68, 160 (1887), type loc. Truckee, Sonne; Jepson, 

 Man. 614 (1925). B. calif ornica var. rubra Trel. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 5:367 (1889) ; Gray, 

 Syn. Fl. P:408 (1897). Var. obtusissima Jepson. i?. obtusissima Greene, Lflts. 1:64 (1904), 

 type loc. Sisson, Copeland 3833. E. calif ornica var. obtusissima Jepson, Man. 615 (1925). 



3. R. purshiana DC. Cascara Sagrada. Small tree or shrub 8 to 20 feet 

 high; leaves in a tuft at end of branchlets, deciduous, the blades thinnish, elliptic- 

 oblong, obtuse or slightly cordate at base, obtuse or abruptly blunt-pointed at apex, 

 serrulate, 2^^ to 5 (or 8) inches long; petioles tomentulous; flowers 5-merous; 

 berry black, with 3 (rarely 2) nutlets. 



Mountain slopes and canons, 50 to 5000 feet : near the coast from Mendocino 

 Co. to Del Norte Co. North to Washington. May. 



Locs. — Comptche, Mendocino Co., Jepson 2168; Laytonville, Jepson 13,965; Grouse Mt., 

 Humboldt Co., Tracy 4847; Humboldt Bay, Chandler 1173; betw. Korbel and Angels ranch, n. 

 Humboldt Co., Jepson 1932; betw. Mud Spr. and Trinity Summit, Jepson 2032; Rush Creek, 

 Trinity Co., E. S. Yates 543 ; Marble Valley, Siskiyou Co., Butler 23 ; Crescent City, Davy; Smith 

 River redwoods, Jepson 2906. Tamba Ranch, Chetco River, sw. Ore., Jepson 9368. 



Var. anonaefolia Jepson. Leaf -blades obovate or oblong, the larger 4 to 7 inches long and 

 1^ to 214 inches wide, mostly cuneately tapering at base. — Montane, 4000 to 6000 feet: northern 

 Sierra Nevada from Nevada Co. to Siskiyou Co.: Bear Valley, Nevada Co., Jepson 13,966; Sisson, 

 Siskiyou Co., Jepson 13,967. 



Refs.— Rhamnus purshiana DC. Prod. 2:25 (1825) ; Sargent, Silva N. Am. 2:37, tt. 62, 63 

 (1891) ; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 254 (1901), ed. 2, 251 (1911), Man. 614 (1925). B. alnifoUa 

 Pursh, Fl. 166 (1814), type loc. Kooskoosky River, Lewis, that is. Camp Chopunish, opp. Kamiah, 

 Clearwater River, Ida. (cf. Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 11:386) ; not R. alnifolia L'Her. (1788). 

 Var. ANONAEFOLIA Jepson, Man. I.e. E. anonaefolia Greene, Pitt. 3:16 (1896), type loc. Placer 

 Co., A. M. Carpenter. 



4. R. alnifolia L'Her. Dwarf Buckthorn. Low shrub (2 to 3 feet high) ; 

 leaf -blades elliptic, acuminate, markedly serrulate, thin, glabrous, 1 to 2% inches 

 long, the petioles 2 lines long; flowers appearing with the leaves, in 1 to 3-flowered 

 umbels sessile in the lower axils; pedicels 1 to 2 lines long; petals none; seeds 

 cuneate-obovate, flat. 



Montane swamps, 4500 to 6000 feet : Placer, Nevada and Sierra Cos. North 

 to British Columbia, east to Maine. June. 



Locs. — Betw. Truckee and Tahoe, Sonne 44; Donner Lake, Heller 6933; Sierra Co. (Bot. 

 CaL 1:100). 



Refs. — Rhamnus alnifolia L'Her. Sert. Ang. 5 (1788), "in America septentrionale" ; 

 Greene, Erythea 4:86 (1896). 



5. R. crocea Nutt. Eed-berry. Low densely branched glabrous shrub M2 to 

 2 or 3 feet high, the branchlets rigid or even spinescent; leaves often fascicled, the 

 blades elliptic, firm-coriaceous, 1 to 5 (or 8) lines long, serrulate, green above, 

 yellowish beneath, very shortly petioled; flowers mostly polygamous and 4-merous; 

 petals none or minute; berry 2 to 3 lines long, red, containing 2 (rarely 3) nutlets. 



