520 VIOLACEAE 



Hill slopes or i-afioiis. lOOO to (JoOO i't'ot : (."uy;mi;u'a Mts. ; Sierra Nevada from 

 Tulare Co. to Shasta Co.; Santa Lucia ]\Its.; North Coast Ranj^es from Napa Co. to 

 Del Norte and Siskiyou Cos. North to southern Oregon. Apr.-May. 



Locs. — Cuyamaoa Mts. : Stonewall Mine, Parish 4525. Sierra Nevada: Round Mdw., Giant 

 Forest, Jcp.ton 6(59; Sequoia Creek, near Millwood, Fresno Co., 77. P. Kcllcy ; Wawona, Mariposa 

 Co., Jepson 5(552 ; Gentry sta., Yosemite, Jcpsoji 10,447 ; Curtin Mdws., near Tuolumne Big Trees, 

 Jcpsoti 10,557; C'onfidenee, Tuolumne Co., Jrpson 7693; Calaveras Big Trees, A. L. Grant; 

 Yankee Jim. Placor Co., L. <S'. Smith 1020; Gold Run, Placer Co., Sonne; Bear Valley, Nevada 

 Co., Jepson 14.108; Antelope Valley, Sierra Co.. L. S. Smith 1580; Butterfly Valley, Plumas Co., 

 E. M. Austi)i : Stirling, Butte Co.. HiUer 10,790; Mineral, Tehama Co., Jepson 12,332; Fall River 

 mts., ne. Shasta Co., Baker 4' Nutting. Santa Lucia Mts. (ace. M. S. Baker). North Coast 

 Ranges; Sonoma (ridges se.), Brewer 977; Howell Mt., Napa Range, Jepson 513; Franz Valley 

 grade near Calistoga, Jepson 14,109; Elk Mt., nw. Lake Co., Rattan; Sherwood Valley, Mendo- 

 cino Co., Bavy 5240; Gasquet, Del Norte Co., M. S. Baker; Sisson, Jepson 14,107. 



Var. integrifolia Wats. Leaf-blades crenate or with a few coarse teeth, but not at all lobed. 

 — Hill slopes and ridges, 1500 to 5000 feet: Cuyamaca Mts.; North Coast Ranges from Napa Co. 

 to western Siskiyou Co. ; Plumas Co. to eastern Siskiyou Co. North to southern Oregon. Apr. -July. 



Locs. — Cuyamaca Mts., T. Brandegee. North Coast Ranges: Howell Mt., Napa Range, 

 Jepson 513a; Trinity Summit, n. Humboldt Co., Manning 35; Stuarts Fork, Trinity Co., M. S. 

 Baker; Dunsmuir, Siskiyou Co., JIall ^- Babcock 4031. Northern Sierra Nevada: Moha.wk 

 Valley, Plumas Co., Lcmmon; Afterthought Mine, Shasta Co., M. S. Baker; divide betw. McCloud 

 River and Dead Horse Canon, e. Siskiyou Co., Hall 4" Babcock 4128. 



Refs. — Viola lobata Benth. PI. Hartw. 298 (1848), "in montibus Sacramento," Hartweg 

 287, that is, Sierra Nevada foothills, Butte Co. (Erythea 5:54) ; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 233 

 (1901).cd. 2, 267 (1911), Man. 644, fig. 635 (1925). F. seg«ot^«sis Kell. Proc. Cal. Acad. 2:185, 

 fig. 55 (1862), type loc. Nevada City. F. dactylifera Greene, Pitt. 3 :317 (1898), "Sierra Nevada 

 from Plumas Co. to Fresno Co." Var. integrifolia Wats. Bot. Cal. 1:57 (1876), type loc. 

 Sierra Co., Lemmon; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 233 (1901), ed. 2, 267 (1911), Man. 644 (1925). 



6. V. sempervirens Greene. Redwood Violet. Stems prostrate, stolon-like, 

 sparsel}' leafy, the foliage evergreen; peduncles commonly longer than the leaves, 

 at first scape-like and arising from the cluster crowning the stipular-scaly root- 

 stock; stipules brown-scariou.s, ovate-subulate; leaf -blades round-cordate, deep 

 green above, often rusty beneath, finely crenate, in age brown-punctate, 1/2 to li/4 

 inches broad; petioles 1 to 7 inches long; petals uniform light yellow, a little purple- 

 veined, 4 lines long; spurs very short and broad. 



Shady woods, 100 to 3600 feet : along the coast, especially in the Redwood belt, 

 from Monterey Co. to Del Norte Co. North to British Columbia. Jan.-Aug. 



Locs. — Pico Blanco, Santa Lucia Mts., Davy 7354 ; Soquel Canon, Santa Cruz Mts., Jepson 

 14,111; Kings Mt., San Mateo Co., Elmer 4565; Mill Valley, Marin Co., Jepson 14,110; Valley 

 Ford, Sonoma Co., E. Lobenstein ; Ft. Bragg, Davy; Eureka, Tracy 978; Hupa Mt., Chandler 

 1292 ; Crescent City, P. E. Goddard. 



Refs. — Viola sempervikens Greene, Pitt. 4:8 (1899). F. sarmentosa Dougl. ; Hook. Fl. 

 Bor. Am. 1:80 (1838), type loc. Ft. Vancouver, Wash., Douglas; Jepson, Fl. W. Mid. Cal. 232 

 (1901), ed. 2, 266 (1911), Man. 644 (1925) ; not V. sarmentosa Bieberstein (1808). 



7. V. purpurea Kell. Pine Violet. Plants 2 to 6 inches high, the stems very 

 short and densely tufted, from a stout vertical root, the young herbage purple- 

 tinted, hirsutulose-canescent; leaf -blades rhombic-ovate or oblong (1 or 2 fre- 

 quently nearly round), dentate or crenate or sometimes nearly entire, % to ll^ 

 inches long, on petioles 1 to 3 inches long; peduncles surpassing the leaves, 2 to 4 

 inches long; petals yellow, the upper brownish-purple on the outside, the lower 

 brown-veined at base. 



Gravel or clay slopes, in open or wooded country, 1500 to 8500 feet : through- 

 out cismontane California, sparingly on east side Sierra Nevada. North to Ore- 

 gon, east to Wyoming and Utah. Mar.-July. 



Nectary mechanism. — The two anthers on the lower side of the flower stand opposite the odd 

 petal. Each anther-cell is winged on the back, the two wings being contiguous and valvate; the 

 bases of the wings are bathed in the nectar of the short spur of the lower petal. 



