542 CACTACEAE 



cismontane valleys of Southern California. East to Utah, south to Sonora. Fre- 

 quent; growincT in small clumps. Apr.-June. 



Locs. — Funeral Mts., Jepson 6894 ; Providence Mts., Munz 4" Johnston 4269 ; Barstow, Jep- 

 son 4842; Liebre Mts., Dudley 4" Lamb 4344; Cajon Pass, Parish 10,934; Stoddard Well, Jepson 

 5919; Bear Valley, San Bernardino Mts., Parish; Old Woman Sprs., Jepson 5962; Banning, 

 Tourney; Whitewater, Parish 156; Wagon Wash, near Sentenac Caiion, e. San Diego Co., Jepson 

 12,503. 



Var. treleasii Tourney. Areoles more or less elevated, filled with "yellow-brown" glochids, 

 spineless, or bearing mostly solitary (1 to 3) diverging acicular spines l^ inch or less long; 

 flowers "red to scarlet", or "rose-color". — Sandy plains and slopes, 400 to 600 feet: upper 

 San Joaquin Valley in Kem Co. (Bakersfield, A. Kuester; Bena sta., Jepson 15,596). 



Eefs. — Opuntia basilaris Engelm. & Bigel. Proc. Am. Acad. 3:298 (1856), type loe. Wil- 

 liams Eiver, Ariz., Bigelow; Pac. E. Eep. 4:43, pi. 13, figs. 1-3, and pi. 23, fig. 14 (1856) ; Parish 

 in Jepson, Man. 656 (1925). 0. basilaris var. ramosa Parish, Bull. Torr. Club 19:92 (1892), 

 type loc. Bear Valley (n. side), San Bernardino Mts. 0. brachyclada Griff. Proc. Biol. Soc. 

 Wash. 27:25 (1914), type loc. mountain valleys above San Bernardino, Griffiths 10,768. 0. intri- 

 cata Griff. I.e. 29:10 (1916), type loc. lower parts of mountain valleys and mouths of washes 

 above San Bernardino, Griffiths 10,373. 0. humistrata Griff. Bull. Torr. Club 43:83 (1916), 

 tvpe loc. mountain canons above San Bernardino, Griffiths 10,787. Var. treleasii Tourney; 

 Bailey, Stand. Cycl. Hort. 3:1147 (1901). 0. treleasii Coult. Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 3:434 

 (1896), type loc. Caliente, Tehachapi Mts., Trelease; Parish in Jepson, Man. 656 (1925). 



10. 0. fragilis Haw. Pigmy Tuna. Prostrate, matted, the obovate joints 1 

 to 1% inches long; areoles circular, woolly, 1 line wide, usually bearing (1 to) 

 4 or 5 spines; spines 2 to 12 lines long; flowers yellowish, 1 to 1% inches wide; fruit 

 spiny. 



Dry flats, 3000 to 6000 feet : Siskiyou Co. North to British Columbia, east to 

 Wisconsin and Texas. May. 



Loc. — Shasta Valley, Beatrice Wise. 



Eefs. — Opuntia fragilis Haw. Suppl. PI. Sue. 82 (1819). Cactus fragilis Nutt. Gen. 1:296 

 (1818), type loc. "from the Mandans to the [Eocky] mountains", Nuttall. 



11. 0. erinacea Engelm. Old Man Prickly Pear. Stems prostrate, the 

 ascending or erect branches forming low clumps; joints ovate to oblong, 2 to 5 

 inches long; areoles approximate; spines white to brown, 1 to 3 inches long, acicu- 

 lar, or some bristle-like and longer; flowers nearly 2 inches long, "red" or yellow; 

 fruit densely covered with short slender stiff spines. 



Gravelly or stony slopes, 5800 to 6100 feet: Inyo Co.; southeastern Mohave 

 Desert. East to Utah and Arizona. Infrequent. 



Locs. — Panamint Eange : Johnson Canon, Coville 4" Funston 498 ; Hanaupah Canon, Jepson 

 6994. 



Var. ursina Parish comb. n. Grizzly Bear Cactus. Stems several, the ascending or erect 

 branches forming small clumps 8 to 12 inches high; joints obovate to oblong; areoles approxi- 

 mate; spines all bristle-like and flexile, 1 to 8 inches long, whitish or ashy-gray, more or less 

 copious, often entirely concealing the surface; flowers yellow, 1 to 1^ inches high; areoles of 

 the ovary bearing wool and short, slender spines; fruit dry and very spiny. — Gravelly slopes, 

 mountains of the southeastern Mohave Desert. In the species the spines are all, or mostly, acicu- 

 lar ; in the variety they are all bristle-like, varying in different plants in length and copiousness. 



Locs. — Ord Mts., Alverson, Jepson 5928 (bristles very abundant and long, the form knovra 

 in cultivation as "Grizzly Bear Cactus") ; Quail Sprs., Munz 5300 (bristles long and sparse) ; 

 New York Mts., Parish (bristles abundant but short). 



Eefs. — Opuntia erinacea Engelm. Proc. Am. Acad. 3:301 (1856), type loc. "near the Mo- 

 have [Eiver], between the Colorado [Eiver] and the California mountains"; Pac. E. Eep. 4:47, 

 pi. 13, fig. 8-11 (1856) ; Parish in Jepson, Man. 656 (1925). Var. ursina Parish. 0. ursina 

 Weber; Bois. Diet. Hort. 2:896 (1898), type loc. Ord Mts.; Parish in Jepson, Man. 656 (1925). 



12. 0. rhodantha Schum. Rock Tuna. Stems prostrate; branches few- 

 jointed, forming clumps; joints obovate to oblong, 1 to 4 inches long; areoles dis- 

 tant ; spines 3 to 4, stout, brownish, i/^ to 1 inch long, and 2 to 3 shorter ones, all 

 usually confined to the upper part of the joints, the lower part unarmed; flowers 

 % inch high, yellowish- white, pmk, or "red to salmon-color" ; fruit dry and spiny ; 

 seeds small. 



