548 CACTACEAE 



4298; Cottonwood Spr., n. of Mecca, IlaU C013; Whitewater, Parish 1C3 ; Wapon Wasli, near 

 Sentenac Canon, e. San Diego Co., Jcpson 12,500; Mountain Sprs., c. San Diego Co., Shrevc. 



Refs. — EciiiNOCACTUS acanthodes Lem. Cact. Gen. Nov. Sp. IOC (1839), type from Cal. 

 E. cylindraceiui Engelm. Proc. Am. Acad. 3:275 (1856), type loc. San Felipe, c. San Diego Co., 

 Parry; Parisli in Jopson, Man. 639 (1925). Ferocactus acanthodes Britt. & Rose, Cact. 3:129 

 (1922). 



3. E. viridescens T. & G. Hidden Bisnaga. Stems simple, rarely 1 to few- 

 branched from the base, 7 to 10 (or 15) inches hi<j:h, and usually as broad as high; 

 ribs 10 to 20, tuberculately irregular; central spines 4, stout, brown, compressed, 

 cruciately divergent, 1 inch long or less, the lowest longer and broader than the 

 others; radials 10 to 20, acicular. unequal, less than I/2 inch long; flowers II/2 

 inches long, yellowish, each petal having a reddish central stripe; fruit ovoid to 

 sub-globose, nearly 1 inch long, greenish, its broadly subeordate scales few and 

 distant; seeds minutely pitted. 



Dry grassy hills, 5 to 1200 feet : San Diego. Adjacent Lower California. De- 

 pressed and often hidden hj the surrounding herbage. 



Locs. — Old To^^'n, Parish 375; Mission Hills, San Diego, Abrams 3395. 



Kefs. — EcHiNOCACTUS VIRIDESCENS T. & G. Fl. 1:554 (1840), type loc. San Diego, Nuttall; 

 Parish in Jepson, Man. 659 (1925). Ferocactus viridescens Britt. & Rose, Cact. 3:140 (1922). 



4. E. polyancistrus Engelm. & Bigel. Mo^A^^ Bisnaga. Stems simple, 

 oblong, 8 to 12 inches high; ribs 12 to 16, prominent and narrow, tuberculately 

 irregular; central spines 5 to 10, more or less hooked, the uppermost one gray, 

 stout, 2 to 3 inches long, flattened, 1-ridged above, porrect, the others brown or 

 reddish, unequal, 1 or 2, divergent and interlocked ; radials 15 to 20, white, acicu- 

 lar, straight, ^4 to I/2 inch long; flowers magenta, about 2 inches long; scales of 

 the ovary few and small, ovate, hyaline-margined; fruit pyriform, dry, nearly 

 naked; seeds tuberculate. 



Stony or gravelly mesas, 2000 to 4500 feet: eastern Mohave Desert; Inj^o Co. 

 East to adjacent Nevada. Infrequent, solitary or widely distant. Apr.- June. 



Locs. — Barstow, Parish; Copper City, Parish; betw. Shoshone and Death Valley Jet., F. 

 Gilman. 



Refs. — EcHiNOCACTUS POLYANCISTRUS Engelm. & Bigel. Proc. Am. Acad. 3:272 (1856), type 

 loc. "eastern slope of the California mountains, at the head of the Mojave River", Bigelow ; Pac. 

 R. Rep. 4:29 (1856), "headwaters of the Mohave, * * * one day before reaching Cajon Pass", 

 Bigelow; Parish in Jepson, Man. 659 (1925). Sclerocactus polyancistrus Britt. & Rose, Cact. 

 3:213 (1922). 



5. E. johnsonii Parry var. octocentrus Coult. Dwarf Bisnaga. Stem simple, 

 oblong, up to 8 inches high; ribs 20 to 24, narrow, tuberculately irregular; spine- 

 clusters closely set, concealing the surface; spines carmine within, with ashy-gray 

 exterior, all subulate, straight or slightl}^ curved, never hooked, the centrals "8", 

 iy2 to 1% inches long, radials 10 to 14, slender, % to II/4 inches long; flowers 

 open-campanulate, the outer segments green, inner petals "pink"; ovary 1 inch 

 high, bearing a few broad scarious fimbriate-margined scales; fruit 1 inch long, 

 nearly naked; seeds numerous, black, reniform, minutely and closely pitted. 



Dry mountain slopes, 3000 feet : Resting Springs Mts., Inyo Co. 



Refs. — ECHINOCACTUS JOHNSONII Parry var. octocentrus Coult. Contrib. U. S. Nat. Herb. 

 3:374 (1896), type loc. mts. e. of Resting Sprs., Inyo Co., Coville ^ Funston 278; Parish, Bull. S. 

 Cal. Acad. 25:83 (1926). E. johnsonii Parish; Jepson, Man. 659 (1925) in part. The var. 

 LUTESCENS Parish (Bull. S. Cal. Acad. 25:83, — 1926), a form with yellow flowers, is found at 

 Searchlight, in adjacent Nevada, and may be expected on the California side of tlie boundary. 

 The species, with purple flowers, occurs in southern Utah. 



ECHINOCACTUS LECONTEi Engelm. Proc. Am. Acad. 3:274 (1856), lower Gila River, Ariz., 

 J. L. LeContc; Pac. R. Rep. 4:29 (1856), and E. emoryi Engelm.; Emory, Mil. Reconn. 157 

 (1848), lower Colorado River, Ariz., Emory; Pac. R. Rep. 4:31 (1856). These two species were 

 reported from the Mohave Desert by early explorers, but no subsequent collections have been 

 made, although the region has been much explored in recent years, and is now much better known. 

 The early reports were probably founded on misdeterminations of specimens of other species of 

 the region. 



