GOURD FAMILY 



553 



addition, the species are fairly well differentiated by their fruits and seeds. The presence of 

 abortive anthers in the pistillate flower may have some value as a differentia. The pistillate 

 flowers in E. muricatus have none of these vestiges, but they do occur in E. maerocarpa, E. horrida 

 and E. oregana. It appears that in the case of E. fabacea they may be absent, or again, in 

 Berkeley plants, they may be present (Jepson 9632). 



Corolla rotate or somewhat saucer-shaped; staminate racemes mostly with many to numerous 

 flowers ; spines more or less puberulent. 



Corolla dull or greenish white ; fruit globose ; central Cal ;....l. E. fabacea. 



Corolla clear white ; fruit oblong ; S. Cal. to Monterey Co 2. E. maerocarpa. 



Corolla campanulate; staminate racemes relatively few-flowered. 



Herbage green; pistillate flowers with abortive anthers; spines puberulent or sometimes 

 glabrous. 



Fruit cylindric; s. Sierra Nevada foothills 3. E. horrida. 



Fruit ovate or globose-ovate, commonly long-beaked; Coast Eanges 4. E. oregana. 



Herbage glaucous; pistillate flowers without abortive anthers; spines glabrous; n. Sierra 

 Nevada foothills and Vaca Mts ~ 5. E. muricatus. 



1, E. fabacea Naud. Valley Man-root. (Fig. 252.) Stems 12 to 30 feet 

 long; herbage nearly glabrous or rough-scabrous; leaf -blades more or less round- 

 cordate in outline, 2 to 4 inches wide, shallowly or often rather deeply 5 to 



7-lobed; staminate flowers many in 

 ^^r^Q. slender simple or compound racemes 



'^^^p^^^^ 3% to 5 inches long, the pedicels 1 to 



V s"\^i^\**l ^ ' ' "^^^ ^^y 3 lines long; corolla 3 to 4 lines wide, 



^W ''^ A '^^ ^^^^ ^^ greenish white; pistillate flow- 



^^^ij\. , '"^Xlnh cv ^^^ ^ ^^ lines wide, destitute of abor- 



"^\\ - cr=^ /^l '^=^^^^^r=> ^^^^ anthers or sometimes with ves- 



'^^^7 V'^ '--^^'^t^l^ ^^|>^^ tiges, the pedicels 5 to 9 lines long; 



^'^^' '»a\'-sC^ ^^^ ^-1 ovary globose, 2-celled, ovules 1 or 2 



Wri^'^mW- "ll '^^ ^ ^^ ^^^^ ^^^^ ' ^*^S^^ depressed, circu- 



''" '' lar, almost sessile; fruit globose, 2 



C ^^1^ inches in diameter, very densely spi- 



'^^^i<^U^^ A nose ; spines stout or more commonly 



slender, 3 to 4 (or 5) lines long, spar- 



i\;///;\ ingly and mostly obscurely puberu- 



■^ lent; seeds commonly 4, sometimes 



'"i^iii WV*^ -///nyS*^ ^^^^' oblong-ovoid, a little flattened, 



jflpr/Vy^/^ more strongly so at the micropylar 



\1^^lr ^^/A^^^X ^^^' ^ ^^ ^"^ ^^^^^ ^o^^S, 6 lines wide, 



'IF^ ^_ \ surrounded by a shallow groove or 



darker line. 



Sandy lunaras or high rich places 

 Q »\\ I of the plains and valley floors or 



slopes of the low hills, 50 to 2500 

 \^" \ o^ feet : Coast Ranges from Napa Co. to 

 Fig. 252. EcHiNocYSTis FABACEA Naud. a, Santa Barbara Co.; Sacramento Val- 

 sect. of stem with staminate and pistillate fls., X ley floor; lower San Joaqum Valley; 

 1; To, pistillate fl., X 1 ; c, fr., X Vi, Sierra Nevada foothills from Butte 



Co. to Stanislaus Co. Jan.-Apr. 

 Biol. note. — The massive root begins to develop a shoot in October. This reaches the surface 

 of the ground in December or January usually. After fruiting is completed in June or July, the 

 stems die back completely, not to the surface of the ground, but down to the deeply seated tuber. 

 Locs.— Coast Eanges : Howell Mt., Napa Co., Jepson 14,125 ; Napa, Jepson \^,\2n ; Berkeley 

 Hills, Jepson 14,386; Mt. Davidson, San Francisco, Jepson 10,350; Stanford, C. F. BaTcer 512; 

 Arroyo Mocho, Mt. Hamilton Eange, Jepson 10,676; Sans Mill, s. Santa Lucia Mts., Jepson 

 1687; San Miguelito Creek, Lompoc, Ewan 7898. Sacramento Valley: College City, Alice King; 

 Sutter plains near Marysville Buttes, Jepson 14,124; Vacaville, Jepson 1203. Sierra Nevada 

 foothills: Big Chico Creek, Butte Co., Seller 11,193; White Bar, Mokelumne Eiver, Hansen 1061; 

 Knights Ferry, Stanislaus Co., F. W. Bancroft. 



