CHAP. VI.] CICHORACE^. 101 



TRIBE I.— CICHORACE^. 



Florets ligulate. Juice milky, narcotic. ' 



The plants contained in this tribe bear more 

 or less resemblance to the common Succory 

 {Cicliorium Intyhus). This beautiful plant, 

 which is found in great abundance wild in many 

 of the sandy and chalky districts of England, 

 has large bright blue flowers, which when ex- 

 amined will be found to consist of a number of 

 florets, all of the kind called ligulate, that is 

 somewhat like a cornet of paper ; the upper 

 part being broad and flat, and serrated at the 

 edge. The pappus in this genus is very short, 

 and it is scaly rather than feathery. The leaves 

 are bitter, and when broken give out a milky 

 juice; and the fleshy roots when roasted are 

 used to adulterate coffee. The Endive is a 

 variety of this species, or another species of the 

 same genus. The Sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus) 

 abounds in the same milky juice as the succory, 

 and has the same kind of fleshy root. The 

 flower is composed of a scaly involucre (shown 

 at a in Jig. 43) and a number of ligulate florets 

 (see Z>), which when they fall show the pappus 

 (c), forming a feathery ball. The manner in 

 which the pappus is attached to the seed-vessel is 

 shown at d ; and the receptacle after the florets 

 have been pulled out, but with the involucre still 



