cuAP. XI.] JUGLANDACEiE. 177 



a calvx divided into five or six scale-like lobes, 



and generally from twelve to twenty stamens, 



with very long anthers and very short filaments; 



there is also averycm-ious bract to each, as shown 



in the magnified 



flower at a injir/. U% 



77; in which the 



anthers are seen (^ 



at b. The female 



flowers are in 



pairs, as shown at 



C; and they con- Fig. 17— ^yAL^vT (Juglans regia). 



sist of a calyx, d, enclosing the ovary, and toothed 

 in the upper part, and four small petals encircling 

 two large thick leafy-looking stigmas, e. 



The fruit is a fleshy husk in one piece, formed 

 of the dilated calyx ; it generally retains the 

 stigmas till it has nearly attained its full size, 

 and when it becomes ripe it does not separate 

 into valves, but bursts irregularly. The nut, 

 on the contrary, is in two distinct valves, which 

 may be easily separated from each other ; and 

 it is imperfectly divided into cells by four half 

 dissepiments. The germ of the future plant is 

 what children call the heart, and it is in the 

 upper part of the kernel, with the root end 

 uppermost, so that when a walnut is sown the 

 sharp end should be placed downwards. The 

 kernel is four-lobed, and deeply wrinkled ; and 



