OHAP. y.i.] 



CUPULIIi'ER^. 



201 



volucre is not closed, as in Fagus and Castanea, 

 but it is open at top ; the nut, as in all cupuli- 

 ferse, adhering to it, when young, by the hiluni or 

 scar visible at its base. There are about seven 

 species of Corylus, of which the most remark- 

 able is the Constantinople Nut {Corylus Colurna), 

 The Filbert is only a variety of Corylus Avellana. 



THE GENUS CARPINUS. 



Some botanists include this genus and that 

 of Ostrya in the order Betulacese, instead of 

 placing them in Cupuliferse, as the nut of the 

 Hornbeam is not surrounded by a cup or husk, 

 but by a leaf-like involucre as shown mfy. 92, 

 at a, h being the nut. 

 Both the male and the 

 female flowers are pro- 

 duced in long catkins, 

 which have an exceed- 

 ingly light and elegant 

 appearance on the tree. 

 The male flowers con- 

 sist each of one bract, 

 with twelve or more stamens attached to its 

 base ; and the female flowers have each two 

 very long stigmas, and a ribbed calyx, which 

 adheres to the ripe nut and assumes the appear- 

 ance of a hard brown skin. The leaves are 

 feather-nerved and persistent, Hke those of the 



Fig. 92.— FRUtT of the Horn- 



BBAM. 



