290 



;iml the bones <>i which, oflen nol distinguishablc from those of /.. pusillus, 

 are also found in the Pleistocene of Middlc Europe. 



Of birds onlj a species of woodpecker ( Picus sp.) bas lefl some traces 

 in the form of open and torn up fir cones, which were found in the bog al 

 Bramminge. 



Of the mammals mentioned liere there is in reality only one which is 

 of importance in forming an opinion as to the temperature conditions under 

 which the deposits in question were formed, namely the fallow deer. Both 

 the squirrel and the beaver namelj have (or have had) a specially wide dis- 

 tribution Ironi the Mediterranean countries up towards the northern bound- 

 ar\ of the foresl vegetation, and s<> iong as we do nol kno\s with certaintj 

 the species of rat-hare whose excrements have been found al Kolding, we 

 cannol saj more than that, as the piants already have shown ns, ihis layer 

 has been formed under arctic or subarctic conditions. The fallow deer which 

 iiuw lives wild in the Mediterranean countries points distinctly however to 



the beds, in which ils bones were found, being formed under cliinatic 

 conditions which were warincr than the presenl in Denmark. The piants, 

 which al the present dav have their northern boundarics with US, namely 

 Carpinus betulus and Tilia grandifolia, also poinl in the same direction. 



11 we now compare t his with whal has been said earlier (pp. 156 160) 

 regarding the developmental history ol' the Brorup bog and the distribution 

 ol' the piants in the lavers, conditions which are more or less exaetly found 

 again in the deposits at Ejstrup and Hollund Sogaard, it seems to me that 

 we have here a thoroughly sufficient proof of the interglacial age of these 

 formations. 



Hemarks on the geological conditions. 



(Bemærkninger om de geologiske borhold.) 



The flora of the freshwater beds mentioned shows, as above indicated, 

 that these beds eannot be postglacial, but must have been formed in an 

 interglacial period. Without entering into much detail with regard to the 

 geology of the regions in question, I mav make some brief remarks on the 

 position of the freshwater lieds in relation to the other strata; the remarks 

 however apply specially to the bogs at Brorup and Hollund Sogaard. With 

 regard to the localities, which lic to the east of the main stopping line of 

 the last glaciation as shown by Ussing (1903), nothing certain can be said, 

 so long as the geological conditions in the valley of the Kolding Aa and 

 round the other localities mentioned in Hast Jutland have nol been unra- 

 velled in detail. Iiuw far the plant-bearing deposits at Fredericia and Trælle 

 have been only a little disturbed by the ice or whether they are (juite loose 

 masses must remain unsettled; on the other hånd, the Ejstrup bed must 

 certainly be considered to lie on a primary place; section A (p. 206 et seq.) 

 shows us a distinct basin-filling with undisturbed stratification (clay, gytje, 

 clay). 



II we now consider the higher land (»Bakkeø«) at Tirslund, the geological 

 conditions are on the whole the following: the lowermost pleistocene deposit 

 is ;i typical ground moraine, which I regard as a »lower moraine« older than 

 the surface moraines in East Jutland. Above this lies a more or less exten- 



