PINACEAE. 5 



Extending in a narrow belt along the southern slope of the San 

 Bernardino Mountains, 2500-4000 feet altitude on City Creek Road. 



9. P. sabiniana Dougl. (Digger Pine or Silver Pine.) A 

 rather small open-topped irregularly branched tree; leaves 3 in a 

 cluster, drooping, light green or glaucous, 2-3 cm. long; stami- 

 nate cones oblong, about 2 cm. long, with 10-15 involucral bracts; 

 fruiting cones lateral, short oval, acutish, 15-25 cm. long, 10-15 cm. 

 in diameter, deep chestnut-brown; scales produced into prominent 

 knobs awned with stout straight or slightly incurved spines; seeds 

 subcylindric, dark, 18-24 mm. long; wing about half as long. 



• Antelope Valley, ranging northward to the upper Sacramento. 

 Confined to the foothills. 



10. P. coulteri Lamb. (Coulter Pine.) A middle-sized tree, 

 with thick rough bark; leaves crowded at the ends of the thick 

 branches in clusters of 3, stiff and erect, 15-25 cm. long, dark blue- 

 green; staminate cones cylindric, 35-40 mm. long, with 8-10 in- 

 volucral bracts; fruiting cones long-oval, pointed, 25-35 cm, long, 

 10-12 cm. thick, yellowish-brown, persistent; scales with a stout 

 elongated umbo armed with thick incurved spines; seeds oval, 

 black, 12-16 mm. long; wing 20-30 mm. long. 



Rather frequent in the coniferous forests of the San Bernardino, 

 San Jacinto and Cuyamaca Mountains, less so in the San Gabriel, 

 4500-7000 feet altitude. 



11. P. murrayana Oreg. Com. (Murray Pine or Tamarack 

 Pine.) Becoming a rather large tree, 15-40 m. high; bark rather 

 finely furrowed, grayish-brown; leaves 2, 25-75 mm. long, very 

 stout and rigid; sheaths 8-12 mm. long when young; staminate 

 cones with 6-8 involucral bracts, cylindric, 10-15 mm. long; fruiting 

 cones clustered or in pairs, oval or subcylindric, oblique, 2-5 cm. 

 long; scales armed with slender recurved prickles; seeds scarcely 2 

 mm. long, dark brown mottled with black; wings light brown, widest 

 above the base, tapering to apex, 12-15 mm. long. 



Frequent in the upper portions of the coniferous forests. Mt. 

 San Antonio; Bear Valley; Mt. San Gorgonio; Mt. San Jacinto. 



2. PSEUDOTSUGA Carr. False Spruce. 



t 



Evergreen trees with flat petioled leaves, appearing 



2-ranked by a twist of the petiole, leaving an oval scar 



on the smooth branches. Staminate cones oblong or 



cylindric, partly enclosed by conspicuous orbicular 



bud-scales, scales ending In a short spur; anthers 2, 



obliquely splitting. Pistillate cones with the scales 



much shorter than the broadly linear acutely 2-lobed 



and long-pointed arlstulate bracts, maturing the first 



year. Seeds without resln-veslcles, the wing at last 



breaking off; cotyledons 6-12. 



1. P. macrocarpa (Torr.) Mayr. (Big-cone Spruce.) Tree 

 12-18 m. high, rarely 1 m. in diameter, branches spreading; leaves 



