58 CYPERACEAE. 



3. S. hanseni J. G. Smith. Culms erect, scarcely or not at all 

 tufted, 5-6 dm, high, smooth; sheaths smooth or the lower sparsely 

 hirsute, ciliate on the margins, shorter than the internodes; ligule 1 

 mm. long; leaves 4-12 cm. long, 3-4 mm. wide, scabrous throughout; 

 spike rather loosely flowered, 1-1.5 dm. long, reddish; spikelets 

 4-flowered; empty glumes lanceolate, entire, those of the lowest 

 spikelets bifid above the middle with short awn 1-4 cm. long; flower- 

 ing glumes 10 mm. long, linear-lanceolate, smooth below, scabrous 

 above, 3-awned; lateral awns 1-2 mm. long, the middle one erect, 

 3-4.5 cm. long; palea shorter than its glume, scabrous on the margins. 

 {S. anomalum J. G. Smith.) 



Near Pasadena Allen. Ballona Creek, near Mesmer, and on the 

 South Fork of the Santiago Creek, Santa Ana Mountains. 



Family 10. CYPERACEAE. Sedge Family. 



Grass-like or rush-like annual or perennial herbs from 

 fibrous roots or running rootstocks. Stems slender, solid, 

 triangular, quadrangular, terete or flattened. Leaves 

 narrow, with closed sheaths. Flowers perfect or im- 

 perfect, 1 or rarely 2 in the axil of each scale, and ar- 

 ranged in spikes. Spikes solitary or clustered, 1-many- 

 flowered. Scales 2-ranked or spirally imbricated, per- 

 sistent or deciduous. Perianth hypogynous, composed 

 of bristles or interior scales, rarely calyx-like, or wanting. 

 Stamens 1-3, rarely more; filaments slender or filiform; 

 anthers 2-celled, longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary 1- 

 celled, sessile or stipitate; ovule 1, anatropous, erect; 

 style 2-3-cleft or rarely simple or 2-toothed. Fruit a 

 lenticular plano-convex or trigonous achene. Endo- 

 sperm mealy. Embryo minute. 



Flowers perfect. 

 Scales 2-ranked. 



Spikelets flattened; perianth none. 1. Cyperus. 



Spikelets scarcely flattened; perianth of 3-6 



bristles. 5. Schoenus. 



Scales spirally imbricated. 



Styles not dilated at base. 2. SciRPUS. 



Styles dilated at base. 



Spikelets solitary, terminal, bractless. 3. Eleocharis. 

 Spikelets in umbels, involucrate. _ 4. Fimbristylis. 



Spikelets polygamous; scales spirally imbricated, 



only the terminal perfect. 6. Cladium. 



Flowers monoecious or dioecious; pistillate en- 

 closed in a sac-like perigynium. 7. Carex. 



