CYPERACEAE. 61 



leaves longer than the rays; spikelets in usually crowded umbels, 

 narrowly linear, 5 cm. long; scales ovate, acutish, 2 mm. long, 

 greenish or pale with brown margins, readily separating from the 

 axis; w-ings broad, scarious, wholly adnate to the rachis and en- 

 closing the achenes; stamens 3; achenes pale, oblong-ovoid, 1 mm. 

 long, obtusely 3-angled, mucronulate. 

 Los Angeles River, Braunton, Davidson. 



8. C. longispicatus Norton. Resembling the last; leaves chan- 

 neled; umbel compound, loose and spreading or rarely congested; 

 spikelets linear, 1-1.5 cm. long; fertile scales oblong, 3 mm. long, 

 obtuse; achenes oblong, 1-1.25 mm. long, obtusely 3-angled, mucro- 

 nulate. 



San Bernardino and Elsinore Lake, Parish. 



2. SCIRPUS L. Bulrush. 



Annual or perennial often rush-like sedges with leafy 

 stems or the leaves reduced to basal sheaths. Spikelets 

 terete or somewhat flattened, solitary, capitate, spicate or 

 umbellate, usually subtended by a 1-several-leaved in- 

 volucre. Scales spirally imbricated, usually all fertile 

 or the lowest sometimes empty. Flowers perfect. Peri- 

 anth of 1-6 bristles or sometimes w^anting. Stamens 2-3. 

 Styles 2-3-cleft, not swollen at the base, wholly decid- 

 uous from the achene or its base persistent as a subulate 

 tip. Achene triangular, lenticular or plano-convex. 



Spikelets solitary with 1 small bract; roots 



fibrous. 1. 5. cernuus. 



Spikelets several to numerous; perennial from 

 rootstocks. 

 Inflorescence apparently lateral; involucre of 

 1 bract; stems leafless or nearly so. 

 Stems sharply 3-angled; spikelets in a 

 crowded sessile cluster. 

 Leaves 2-6, long and narrow. 2. S. americanus. 



Leaves none-2, short and broad. 3. S. olneyi. 



Stems terete or very obtusely 3-angled. 

 Bristles equaling or exceeding the 



achene, retrorsely barbed. 4. S. lacustris. 



Bristles shorter than the achenes, cili- 



ate at least below. 5. S. calif ornicus. 



Inflorescence terminal; stems leafy. 



Spikelets large, in dense clusters. 6. S. pacificus. 



Spikelets small, in loose compound umbels. 7. S. microcarpus. 



1. S. cernuus Vahl. Stems tufted from fibrous roots, slender, 

 5-20 cm. high, sheathed at base; upper sheath bearing a short 

 slender leaf; involucral bract slender, 2-20 mm. long; spikelet 

 solitary, ovate to oblong-ovate, 3-5 mm. long; scales brownish 



