RHAMNACEAE. 



223 



Stipules thin and mostly fugacious; leaves 

 alternate; capsules without dorsal or 

 apical horns; flowers racemose or panicu- 

 late. 

 Leaves deciduous, entire; flowers white. 1. C. integerrimus. 



Leaves evergreen; flowers blue, rarely white. 



Leaves pinnately veined, entire. 2. C. spinosus. 



Leaves 3-nerved. 



Twigs stiff and spinescent; leaves 

 entire or obscurely serrulate. 

 Flowers white; capsules deeply 



lobed, slightly crested. 3. C. cordulaius. 



Flowers blue; capsules shallowly 



lobed, crestless. 4. C. divaricatus. 



Twigs not at all spinescent; leaves 

 glandular-toothed. 

 Leaves glabrous above. 5. C. sorediatus. 



Leaves not glabrous above. 



Leaves velvety tomentose. 6. C. tomentosus. 



Leaves hirsute. 7. C. oliganthus. 



Stipule-bases persistent, thick and corky 

 spongy; capsule 

 apical horns as 

 umbellate. 

 Leaves alternate. 8. C, megacarpus. 



Leaves opposite. 



Leaves pungently toothed; horns stout. 

 Flowers blue; twigs and leaves gla- 

 brous. 9. C.jepsoni. 

 Flowers white; twigs and leaves 



tomentose. 10. C. crassifolius. 



Leaves entire; horns slender. IL C. cuneatus. 



or 

 usually with dorsal or 

 well as crests; flowers 



L C. integerrimus H. & A. Tall, loosely branching and some- 

 times arborescent with green or at length somewhat brownish 

 branches, slightly angled when young, not at all spinescent; leaves 

 ovate, 2-6 cm. long, prominently or sometimes indistinctly 3-veined, 

 entire, somewhat loosely hairy above when young, paler beneath 

 and glabrescent or with a few soft hairs; petioles slender, somewhat 

 villous, 6-8 mm. long; inflorescence 6-16 cm. long and 3-10 cm. 

 broad; flowers blue, varying to white; fruit 5-6 mm. in diameter, 

 somewhat lobed at apex, nearly smooth and with low but broad, 

 deeply dorsal evanescent crests. 



Frequent in the pine belt of all our mountains and in the upper- 

 most portions of the chaparral belt. 



2. C. spinosus Nutt. Tall shrub or somewhat arborescent, with 

 at length cinnamon-brown, more or less divaricate, sparingly 

 slender-spiny glabrous twigs; leaves elliptic, very obtuse or emar- 

 ginate, rounded or acutish at base, coriaceous, glabrous, 2-3 cm. 

 long, entire, petioles glabrous or appressed-pubescent, 4-8 mm. 

 long; thyrsus 10-15 cm. long and half as broad; flowers pale blue; 



