256 AMMIACEAE. 



3. SANICULA L. 



Smooth perennial herbs with almost naked or few- 

 leaved stems, palmate or sometimes pinnate leaves with 

 more or less pinnatifid or incised lobes, involucre and 

 involucels, and greenish yellow or purple flowers in irregu- 

 larly compound few-rayed umbels. Calyx-teeth some- 

 what foliaceous, persistent. Fruit subglobose, densely 

 covered with hooked bristles or tuberculate. Carpels 

 without ribs. Stylopodium wanting. Oil-tubes mostly 

 large, 5 (3 dorsal and 2 commissural) or in ours 3-many 

 and irregularly distributed. Seed-face plane to deeply 

 concave or sulcate. 



Leaves palmately divided. 

 Fruit pediceled or stipitate. 



Leave-rachis not conspicuously winged. 1. S. menziesii. 

 Leave-rachis conspicuously winged. 2. 5. arguta. 



Fruit sessile. 



Leaves with main divisions confluent at 



base. 3. S. laciniata. 



Leaves with main divisions distinct at 



base. 4, S. nevadensis. 



Leaves pinnately divided. 



Flowers purple; leaf-rachis winged. 5. 5. hipinnatifida. 



Flowers yellow; leaf-rachis not winged. 



Stems not arising from tubers. 6. S. hipinnata. 



Stems arising from tubers. 7. S. tuberosa. 



1. S. menziesii H. & A. Stem solitary, erect, 3-10 dm. high, 

 branching; leaves round-cordate, 5-10 cm. broad, very deeply 

 3-5-lobed, the broad segments sharply toothed or somewhat cleft, 

 the teeth bristle-tipped; upper leaves more narrowly lobed and 

 laciniately toothed; rachis scarcely winged; umbel with 3-4 slender 

 rays; involucre of 2-3 small leaf-like bracts; involucels of 6-8 small 

 entire bractlets; flowers yellow, the sterile ones short-pedicelled; 

 fruit sessile but distinctly stipitate, obovate, 2-4 mm. long, covered 

 with strong bristles; seed-face sulcate. 



Frequent in the foothills in moist woods. 



2. S. arguta Greene. Stems more or less branching, 1.5-4.5 dm. 

 high, from a thickened rootstock; leaves palmately 5-parted, the 

 middle division elongated and distinct, all the divisions more or less 

 palmately lobed and toothed, decurrent upon the rachis, forming a 

 broad toothed wing, teeth spinosely pointed; umbel 3-5-rayed; 

 involucre of leaf-like bracts; involucels of linear to linear-lanceolate 

 spinosely pointed bractlets; flowers yellow, the sterile ones on pedi- 

 cels 3-4 mm. long; fruit obovate, tapering into a stipitate base, some- 

 what naked below, more bristly above, 6 mm. long. 



Frequent on grassy hillsides and mesas, extending from Santa 

 Barbara to San Diego. 



