ASTERACEAE. 363 



silky-tomentose on both sides; heads narrow, numerous, in a fastigi- 

 ate corymb at the ends of the branches; bracts of the narrow turbi- 

 nate involucre rather softly strigose-pubescent; rays few, short and 

 inconspicuous; achenes silky- villous; outer series of pappus wanting. 

 Frequent on dry plains and in the lower portions of the chaparral 

 belt. 



8. SOLIDAGO Vail. Goldenrod. 



Strict simple-stemmed perennial herbs, with alternate 

 more or less serrate leaves, and many small heads in ter- 

 minal clusters which are usually in scorpioid racemes 

 and forming a panicle. Involucre narrow, its bracts in 

 2 or more series, neither herbaceous-tipped nor glutinous. 

 Flowers all permanently yellow, the outer and ligulate 

 shorter, the inner narrow-funnelform. Style-appendages 

 lanceolate. Achenes terete or prismatic, 5-10-nerved, 

 glabrous or pubescent. Pappus a series of unequal sca- 

 brous permanently white bristles. 



1, S. confinis Gray. Glabrous, or the inflorescence sometimes 

 minutely pubescent, 4-9 dm. high; leaves lanceolate, the stem leaves 

 shorter, about 5-8 cm. long, the basal often oblanceolate or obovate, 

 heads about 4 mm, long, crowded in a dense oblong panicle, not 

 secund; rays not surpassing the disk- flowers; achenes canescently 

 pubescent. 



Occasional in low marshy places. Cienega; San Bernardino. 

 July-October. 



2. S. californica Nutt. Roughish with an almost cinereous 

 short pubescence, 6-9 dm. high; leaves larger and more numerous 

 below, passing from obovate to oblong-lanceolate, and from obtuse 

 to acute, the lower and broader more or less serrate; panicle virgate, 

 rather loose, the racemiform clusters secund; heads 6 mm. high; 

 bracts lanceolate-oblong or oblong-linear, obtusish; rays 7-12; 

 achenes pubescent. 



Frequent in open places in the lower portions of the chaparral 

 belt in the San Gabriel and Santa Ana Ranges. June-October. 



9. EUTHAMIA Cass. 



Erect glabrous perennial very leafy more or less dis- 

 tinctly corymbose branched herbs, with narrow entire 

 pellucid-punctate leaves, and small heads clustered at 

 the ends of the branches. Involucral bracts firm, im- 

 bricated, glutinous. Ray-flowers about twice as many 

 as disk-flowers, all permanently yellow. Achenes short, 

 turbinate, villous-pubescent. 



1. E. occidentalis Nutt. Somewhat paniculately branching, 

 1-2 m. high; leaves lanceolate-linear, obscurely 3-nerved; involucral 



