128 PLANT LIKE OK ALAHAMA. 



lii'inly ill the soil, their mostly strono;. iiitciiiuiii;^' I'hi/.oiiics foniiinji^a 

 dense sod, resist iii<^- the action of waves and winds. Keed-Iike trrasses, 

 lartre ruslies. and tall ninlielliferous plants are the most conspicuous 

 features of this association. Species are— 



PhraginUen rnnniiinili^. S('ir})itM laninlrix. 



S}i(irli)i(t pnliistitchi/ii. Srirpus nhirifl. 



Sjxniluii ci/iiOKiiroideK. Srlrjms JlnrintillK. 



Ziznnhi a<jiiatira. ('IndUun fffii»um. 



Ziznniojhti.t inilioccd. Ci/pi'ru.s arllcnlaluM. 



J'aulciiin rirffdtx))!. Cinita mncitlnfa. 



I'dtiicuD) (Ugitarioidcs. Oxypolix ttrrtifoUn. 



Ti/pJid liitifolla. Sium cicutaefolinm . 



Z!z<nilo aqiKifica^ Scirpuf< Iac((Kfi'l!<^ and Ti/j>}i(i I at f folia iire among' 

 the lirst to gain a tirni hold on the nmddy shoals, constantly formed by 

 the deposits of silt with which the turbid waters are charged. The 

 followiiiii- plants constitute the lower and closer covering of the soil: 



Cyperas er^/throrhizos. Carex alata. 



Cyperus xtrigosits. Homalocenchrus hexandrus. 



Cifperiift Ktenolepis. Andropogon glomeratu,'t gfoiiro}>s'ts. 



Cyperus speciosus. Rynchonpora crnhica. 



Carex lurida. Bynchospora corniculcUa. 



Carex alboliUescens. 



Among other paludial plants which adorn the rt^ed marshes are: 



Ipomoea sagittata, Vernonia giganteo, 



Mesadenia lanceolata, Sagittnrict falcaia lavceolata, 



Kosteletzkya virginica, Sagittaria montevidensis, 



BoUonia diffusa, Sagittaria viscosa (rare) , 



plants characteristic of such marshes from North Carolina to Louis- 

 iana. With these grow also — 



Lythrum lineare, Echinodorus rndicans, 



Pontederia cordata, Sagittaria latifolia, 



Rumex altisdmus, 



of frequent occurrence as far as the northern limit of the Carolinian 

 area; and Solidago sempervirenH ranging from the coast of Nova Scotia 

 southward. The Sagittarias often occupy considerable tracts almost 

 exclusively. The dark waters of ditches and shallow pools at the out- 

 skirts of these marshes are filled with the iioating stems of Jusstaea 

 difftisa and })ordered by — 



HydroaAyle ranimculoides. Ptilirtminni capillaceum. 



Hydrocotyle verticillata. Aeschynoraene virginica. 



Ranunculus sceleratus. 



Eleocharls montana^ with its densely matted rhizomes, forms wide 

 patches of shining bright green, rarely accompanied by ElcocJuiris 

 palustris. Trtglochin striata^ Juiwus scirpoide^'<^ and ./ polycepJiahLS 

 are scattered through the marsh, and Vlgna glahra and Wlllughhya 

 sccmdeihs intertwine their stems among the grasses and sedges lining 

 the muddy banks. Sesbaiila /iiacrocarpa and Glottidium floridanum 



