PINE FAMILY. 323 



Subkingdom SPERMOPHYTA. True Flowering and 

 Seed-bearing Plants. (Phanerogamae.) 



Class GYMNOSPERMAE (ARCHISPERMAE). 



PIN ACE AE ( CONIFER AE). Pine Family 



PINUS L. 8i). PI. 2 : 1000. 17.53. Pixe. 



Largest seuiis of the order, with about 7.5 species belongino: to the cooler an<? 

 wariuer parts of the northern temperate zone. In the Okl Worhl about 25 species; 

 in the Kew World about double that number. North America has 37 species, 

 Eastern North America, 11. Mostly gregarious trees of large size. 



Pinus taeda L. Sp. PI. 2 : 1000. 1753. 



Loblolly Pine. Old Field Pine. Rosemary Pixe. 



Ell. Slv. 2:63(5. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 490. Chap. Fl. 433. Coulter, Coutr. Nat Herb. 

 2 : 554. 



Carolinian and Louisianiau areas. Delaware to North Carolina and Florida west 

 to eastern Texas and southern Arkansas. 



Alabama : Jlonntain region to Coast plain. From the coast to the Warrior table- 

 land. Cullman County, f<00 feet. Flowers early to lattei- part of March. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginiae, Canadae paludosis.'' 



Economic uses: Important. Valuable timber tree; the largest among the South- 

 ern timber pines. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Pinus heterophylla (Ell.) Sudworth, Bull. Torr. Club, 20:45. 1893. 



Slash Pine. Cuban Pine. 



Piniis taeda var. Jieterophylla Ell. Sk. 2 : 636. 1821. 



P. ciihciisis Griseh. Mem Am. Acad. 8, pt. 2: 530. 1863. • 



P. elliotfii Engelm. Trans. St. Louis Acad. 4: 186, t. l-o. 1878-1886. 



Chap. Fl. Suppl. 6.50; ed. 3, 457. 



CCba, British Honduras. 



Louisiauian area. Coast of South Carolina to Florida, and along the Gulf coast 

 to eastern Louisiana. 



Alabama: Outlying islands, Coast plain, and scatteringly throughout the Lower 

 Pine region in the tlat woods and swamps bordering the pine-barren streams. Mobile 

 and Baldwin counties. Washingttm County, Yellowpine. Escambia County, Wal- 

 lace. Flowers January and February. 



Type locality : "Along the marshes near the mouths of the fresh water rivers, (at 

 least in Georgia), this pine is very common." 



Economic uses: Of greatest value for its timber and for its resin. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Pinus palustris Mill. Gard. Diet. ed. 8, no. 14. 1768. 



Longleaf Pine. Southern Yellow Pine. Pitch Pine. Heart Pine. 



Vinnfi aiisiralis Michx. f. Hist. Arb. Am. 1 : 64, t. G. 1810. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 637. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 491. Chap. Fl. 434. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb, 

 2:5.54. 



Louisinnian and Carolinian areas. From Cape Canaveral and Bay Biscayne, 

 Florida, north ahmg the coast to southern Virginia (Sntfolk County), and westward 

 to tlie Trinity Valley, Texas. 



Alabama: Coast plain to the Mountain region to an altitude of near 2,000 feet, 

 forming the immense forests of the Coast and Central Pine belt, and lesser ones in 

 the Coosa Valley. From Talladega County to the Georgia and Alabama State line. 

 Scattered abundantly through the Metiimorphic mountains, where this species 

 ascends in Clay County to its greatest elevation on the Cliehawhaw Mountain, 2,000 

 feet. More sparsely diffused in the lower part of the; Warrior basin with an outlj''- 

 ing forest in Walker County (South Lowell). Flowers middle of March. 



Type locality not ascertained. Michaux's locality: " Hab. a Carolina septentri- 

 onali ad Floridam presertim maritimis." 



Economic uses: Of greatest importance fo- ts timber, as well as for its resin. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



