468 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 



FAGACEAE. Beech Family. 



FAGUS 1>. Sp. J'1.2:lt!»7. IToo. Hek< ii. 



Four species, tlecidiious trees. Europe and temperate North Animica. 

 FagUB americana (Mnench.) Sweet, Hort. Brit. 370. 1826. American Beech. 



FiKjuK aiunhatid {hilifoliti) Mtioiich. Haiisv. 5 : 162. 1770. 



/•'. m/ Ira tied (itroimiiiaa Marsh. Arh. Am. 4"). ITS"). 



/•'. frrriuiiiKu Ait. llort. Kcw. 3 : 'M2. 17S}t. 



Kli.Sk."2:()13. Uray, Man. ed. (>, ISO. Chai>. Fl. 425. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 

 2 : 4 IH Sar^ient. Silv. N. A. 9 : 27, t. 114. 180.5. 



Alh'jiliouian to Louisianian area. Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and Ontario to 

 Geor;j;iaii liay ; New Kiighiiid, tlirouj^h the Atlantic and (iulf States; Wisconsin, 

 south to valley of Trinity River, Texas, and Arkansas. 



Alabama: All over the Stale. Rich woods. Comin(»n on the hammock lands of 

 the coast. BaMwin County, Stockton. Mobile County. 



Economic uses: Timber tree. 



Type locality not ascertained. 



Herb. Ueol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



CASTANEA Adans. Fam. I'l. 2 : 37.5. 17H3. Chestnut. 



Three species, deciduous trees, temperate Europe and North America. 

 Castanea deiitata (Marsh.) Borkh. Forst. Dot. 1:741. 1800. American Chestnut. 



Fu</ii8 canlaiira tlvntata Marsh. Arh. Am. 4(5. 1785. 



Cantanea rcuca aniericaiia Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 193. 1803. 



Ell. Sk. 2: till. Grav, Mau. ed. 6:479. Chap. Fl. 424. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 9: 11, 

 t. 440, 441. 1896. 



Alleghenian, Carolinian, and Louisianian areas. Southern Ontario, New England, 

 west to southern Michigan, southern Illinois, from Delaware along the mountains to 

 South Carolina and Georgia. 



Alabama: Mountain region to Lower hills. Tuscaloosa County, most frequent on 

 the rocky ridges of the table-lands, above an ebn'ation of 800 feet. Cullman, Dekalli, 

 Morgan, and Winston counties. Flowers in May; fruit ripe in October. Frequent. 

 South of the hill country at present almost extinct. In the mountains, the region 

 of its best development, young trees of thrifty growth are scarcely met with. 



Economic uses: Imi)ortant timber and nut tree. 



Type locality : North America. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Castanea pumila (L.) Mill. (iard. Diet. ed. 8, no.2. 1768. Chinquapin. 



laqus pumila L. Sp. PI. 2 : 998. 1753. 



Eli. Sk. 2: 615. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 479. Chap. Fl. 424. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herl). 

 2 : 418. Saigent. Silv. \. A. 9 : 15, t. 442, 443. 



Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southern Pennsylvania to Florida, west to 

 eastern Texas, Arkansas, Missouri, southern Indiana, and eastern Tennessee. 



Alabama: From the Tennessee A'alley to the Gulf. Dry open woods, copses. 

 Flowers white. May; fruit ripe in Septeml)er and October. A small tree, often 

 shrubby ; frecjuent. 



Eeonoujic uses: The nuts are edible. 



Type locality: "Hali. in America septeutrionali.' 



Herb. (ieol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



QUERCUS L. Sp. PI. 2 : 994. 1753. Oak.' 



About 2.50 species, widely distributed through the Northern Hemisphere. Europe, 

 Asia, Mexico, North America, 40; South Atlantic North America, 24; Pacific, 13; 

 Middle States, New England, 10. Deciduous and evergreen trees; moie rarely 

 shrubby. 



Quercus alba L. Sp. PI. 2 : 996. 17.53. White Oak. Ridge White Oak. 



Kll. Sk.2:607. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 475. Chap. Fl. 423. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 

 2:414. Sargent. Silv. N. A. 8 : 16, t. .356, 357. 



Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Quebec, Ontario; New England west to Minne- 

 sota, Nebraska, eastern Kansas, south to the St. .lohns River and Tampa Bay, and 

 from Florida to eastern Texas. 



'Charles S. Sargent, Silva of North America, vol. 8.. 1895. 



