ROSE FAMILY. 541 



Rubus cuneifolius Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 1 : 347. 1814. Sand Blackisekry. 



Kubus parrifolim Walt. Fl. Car. 149. 1788. Not L. 



Ell. Sk. 1:.568. Gray, Man. etl. 6, 155. Chap. Fl. 125. 



Carolinian and Louisiauian ai-eas. Sontheiii Xew York, New Jersey, southern 

 Atlantic States to western Florida {Mohr), west to Tennessee, southern Missouri, 

 Arkansas, and Mississippi. 



Alabama : Tennessee Valley to Lower Pine region. Dry sandy, gravelly, or rocky 

 soil. Openings and borders of woods, old fields. Lauderdale County, Florence. 

 Cnlliuau County. Tuscaloosa County (A'. A. Sinilli). Wilcox and Escanibia counties. 

 Flowers white to pale rose-color, April; fruit ripe .luue, July, oblong, large, juicy, 

 sweet. Generally diffused over the low hills and prairies; nowhere abundant. 



Economic uses: The " Topsy " variety of blackberry originated from this species. 



Type locality: " lu sandy lields and woods: New Jersey and Carolina.'' 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Rubus hispidus L. Sp. PL 1:493. 17.53. Running Swamp Blackbekky. 



Buhus oralis Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1 : 298. 1803. 



Gray. Man. ed. 6, 155. Chap. Fl. 125. 



Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Canada; New England south along the moun- 

 tains to South Carolina. 



Alabama : Mountain region, low damp sandy or gravelly jilaces. Dekalb County, 

 on Lookout Mountain near Mentone, 1,800 feet altitude. Lee County, Auburn, 860 

 feet (Baker 4'- Earle). 



Type locality : " Hab. in Canada. Kalni." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Rubus occidentalis L. Sp. PI. 1 : 493. 1753. Black Raspberuy. 



Ell. Sk. 1 : 568. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 155. Chap. Fl. 125. 



Alleghenian to Carolinian area. Quebec, Ontario; New England west to Minne- 

 sota, Nebraska, Colorado, and Oregon, south to Ohio and West Virginia, and along 

 the mountains to Georgia. 



Alabama: Mountain region. Rocky places. Highest elevations of the Warrior 

 tableland. Madison County, Montesauo, 1,500 feet. Dekalb County, Mentone, 1,800 

 Jeet altitude. Flowers April; fruit ripe .luiie, black, juicy, well-flavored. Not fre- 

 quent. Fre(|uently transplanted l)y the settlers to their gardens. 



Type locality : " Hab. in Canada. Kalm.'' 



Economic uses: This is the blackcap raspberry. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



FRAGARIA L. Sp. PI. 1 : 494. 1753. 



Three to 4 species, pereiniial.s, temperate regions, Northern Hemisphere, mountains 

 of South America. 



Fragaiia virginiana Duchesne, Hist. Nat. Frais. 204. 1766. Wild Strawberry. 



Fragaria virginiana iUinoensis (Prince) Gray, Man. ed. 5, 155. 1867. 



F. illinoensis Prince, Gray, Man. ed. 5, 155. 1867. As synonym. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 158. Chap. Fl. 124. 



Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Ontario; western New York to Minnesota, west 

 to Washington, south from Mississippi to Louisi;ina and Arizona. 



Alabama: Tennessee Valley to Central prairies. Open grassy glades and prairies. 

 Franklin County, Rnssellville. Lawrence County, Moultou. Flowers, May; fruit 

 matures in June and July. 



As stated by liartram and by the oldest settlers of the present time, this straw- 

 berry was formerly fouiid in great abundances in the glades of the Mountain region 

 and the Central prairies, where it is at present rarely met with. 



Type locality not ascertained. 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



DUCHESNE A Smith, Trans. Linn. Soc. 10 : 372. 1811. 



Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke in Engl. & Prantl, Nat. PH. 3, Abt. 3 : 33. 1888. 



Strawberry Geranium. 



Fragaria indica Andr. Bot. Repos. t. 479. 1807. 



Potentilla durandii Torr. & Gray, Fl. N. A. 1 : 444. 1840. 



Gray, Man. ed. 6, 158. Chap. Fl. Suppl. 620 ; ed. 3, 136. 



Adventive from India. 



Alabama: Central Pine belt to Coast plain. Widelj' spread in damp copses, 

 shaded borders of fields, roadsides. Tuscaloosa, Baldwin, Monroe, and Mobile count- 



