714 PLANT LIFE OK ALABAMA. 



fruit ripo Aiip;"st to October, size of a cherry, carmine-rod, shining. Perennial, 

 shrulil)y at the base, (binsely braiicheil, forming bushes 2 to 3 feet high, attractive 

 Avhen in full bloom or loaded with fruit. The most freijueut and persistent of our 

 ballast plants. Pereniiial. 



Type locality : "Ex agro Bonariense. * * » Commers. herb.'' 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Solanum caroliueuse L. 8p. PI, 1 : 187. 1753. Horsk Nettle. 



Ell. Sk. 1 : 2S2. (iray, Man. ed. d, 374. Chap. Fl. 319. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 

 1: L'3(». Com Iter. Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 298. 



Carolinian and Lonisianian areas. Southern Connecticut and New York west to 

 Missouri and Arkansas, south to Floiida and Texas. 



Alauama : Over the State. In high sandy ojKn ground, fields, pastures, roadsides. 

 Corolla white or pearl blue; .June to October. Fruit ripens August to October; 

 orange. In all sections equally al>undant. A most ijeruicious weed in garden and 

 Held. Perennial. 



Type locality: "Hab. in Carolina." 



Herb. (Jeol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Solanum elaeagnifolium Cav. Icon. 3 : 22, t. 24S. 1794. Silvkr-lkaf Nightshade. 

 Gray, Man. ed. 0, 374. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 1:230. Coulter, Contr. Nat. 

 Herb."2 : 298. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1 :"539. 



Chile, Mexico. 



Carolinian, Lonisianian, and Sonoran areas. Texas, Kansas, and California. 



Alahama: Adventive from the Soutjiwest. Waste places Mobile County, road- 

 sides, ballast grounds. Flowers pale blue; .June. Rare. One to 1^ feet high. 

 Perennial. 



Type locality : " Hab. in America calidiore." 



Herl). Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Solanum torvum Sw. Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 47. 1788. 



Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 441. 



West Indies, Mexico to Brazil, I^cuador, East Indies. 



Alabama: Adventive with ballast. Mobile County. Flowers pale blue or pur- 

 plish; August, September. Fruit rip6 in October; berries black. Three to 4 feet 

 high. 



This coarse shrubby plant rarely survives the winter. It propagates from the 

 perfectly nuiture seed almost one year after another. 



Type locality : " India occideutalis."' 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



CAPSICUM L. Sp. PI. 1:270. 1753. Cayenne Pepper. 



Thirty species, tropical America. 

 Capsicum baccatum L. Mant. 1 : 47. 1767. Bird Pepper. Chili. 



Gray, Syn. Fl. \. A. 2, pt. 1 : 231. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 299. Wats. Bot. 

 Calif. 1:340. Griseb. 11. Brit. W. Ind. 436. 



Introduced from Solth America and naturalized in all Tropical Countries. 



Lower Sonoran and Lonisianian areas. Escaped from cultivati<m and partially 

 naturalized from California to Florida. 



Alabama : Waste placc-s about dwellings. Mobile County, Dauphin Island, where 

 it is frequent, of spontantsous growth. June, 1893. Shrubby. 



Economic uses: The highly pungent berries are used as a condiment — the chili of 

 the Mexicans. They furnish Cayenne pepper, the Capsicum of the U. S. Pharma- 

 copaia. 



Type locality: " Hab. in Indiis." 



Herb. (!eol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



DATURA L. Sp. PI. 1 : 179. 1753. Thorn Apple. 



Fifteen species, warmer regions, Northern Hemisphere. 

 Datura tatula L. Sp. PI. ed. 2, 1 : 2,56. 1762. Purple Thorn Apple. 



Ell. Sk. 1 : 277. Gray, Man, ed. 6, 377. Chap. Fl, 352. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 1 : 

 240. Wats. Bot. Calif 1 : 544. Griseb. Fl. Brit. W. Ind. 434. 



South America. 



Carolinian and Lonisianian areas. Naturalized from Ontario and New York, west 

 to Iowa, Missouri, and Arkansas, south to Florida and Louisiana. Perhaps indig- 

 enous on the South Atlantic and Gulf coasts. 



