THISTLE FAMILY. 791 



Ai.ABA^rA: Monntaiu region to Central Pine belt. Dry rocky or gravelly hills. 

 Dekalb County, Lookout Monntain. Clay, Cullman, Calhoun, St. Clair, and Talla- 

 dega counties. Flowers white; April. Common throughout the mountains and 

 lower hills. Not observed in the lov/ country. 



Type locality: "' Hab. in Virginia." 



Herb. Mohr. 



GNAPHALIUM L. Sp. PL 2 : 850. 17.53. 



CMie hundred and twenty species, cosmopolitan, Europe, northern Asia. North 

 America, 15; Atlantic, 5; endemic, 4. 



Gnaphalium helleri Britton, Bull. Torr. Club. 20 : 280. 1893. 



Helleu'.s Lifk Everlasting. 



Britt. & Br. 111. Fl. 3 : 401. 1898. 



Carolinian area. Southeastern Virginia and along the mountains to Georgia. 



Alabama: Mountain region. Open woods and copses. Dekalb County, Lookout 

 Mountain, 1,800 feet, near Mentone. Flowers September; apparently not rare. 



Similar to (i. ohtnsifoUion, from which, however, it is at once distinguished by 

 the close, densely glandular, not tomentose, puljescence. 



Type locality : " In fields, Southeastern Virginia (Heller) to Georgia (Boykin)."' 



Guaphalium obtu.sifolium L. Sp. PI. 2 : 851. 17.53. Sweet Life Everlasting. 



Gnaphalium polycephalum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 127. 1803. 



Ell. Sk. 2:325. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 268. Chap. Fl. 243; ed. 3, 239. Gray, Syn. Fl. 1, 

 pt.2:234. 



Canadian zone, Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Nova Scotia, Quebec, Ontario; 

 New England west to Minnesota, south to the Gulf, from Florida to Texas, Ar- 

 kansas, and Missouri. 



Alabama: Over the State. Dry borders of woods, pastures, old fields. Flowers 

 white; July to October. Frequent. Annual. 



Economic uses: The herb, "life everlasting," is used in domosti^ medicin:- 



Type locality : " Hab. in Virginia, Pensylvania." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Gnaphalium purpuieum L. Sp. PI. 2 : 8.54. 1803. Purple Cudweed. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 325. Gray, xMan. ed. 6, 269. Chap. Fl. 243. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A, 1, pt. 

 2: 236. Coulter, Coutr. Nat. Herl). 2 : 203. 



Mexico. 



Alleghenian to Louisianian area. British Columbia; southern New England to 

 Florida, west to Texas, Arkansas, and Missouri. 



Alabama : Over the State. In light exjiosed soil, waste and cultivated places. 

 An annual or biennial winter weed. 



Type locality: "Hab. in " Carolina, Virginia, Pensylvania." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Gnaphalium spathulatum Lam. Eucycl. 2 : 758. 1786. 



To this species is somewhat doubtfully referred the southern form included by late 

 authors in the last, but which is at once recognized as distinct by the loose and 

 longer, persistently arachnoid, wool covering the stem and leaves. The stem is 

 mostly simple from the perennial root; the leaves are rather thin, green above but 

 slightly cinereous beneath, broadly spatulate; the lower clusters of the flowering 

 heads, borne on shorter or longer pednucles, form a conspicuously leafy racemose 

 inflorescence. The inner iuvolucral scales are linear, acute, and shining. 



West Indies, South America. 



Louisianian area. 



Alabama: Prairie region toCoast plain. Montgomery and Mobile counties; waste 

 grounds, roadsides, and pastures, near dwellings. Probably introduced from the 

 tro]iics and perfectly naturalized. Flowers white; throughout the summer. Not 

 infre«iuent. 



Type locality : "Nous ignorons son lieu natal; mais nous la soupvonnons d'Ame- 

 rique. * * * Peut-etre vient elle du Cap de Bonne Espcrance. ' 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



POLYMNIA L.Sp. P1.2:926, 1753. 



Ten to 12 species, perennial herbs, American, from Argentina to Canada. North 

 America, 2. 



Polymnia canadensis L. Sp. PI. 2 : 926. 1753. Canada Leaf-cup. 



Ell. Sk. 2: 471. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 269. Chap. Fl. 219. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 

 2:238. 



