THISTLE FAMILY. 795 



ACANTKOSPERMUM s.luauk. PI. R:ir. Hoit. Mouar. 2:i. 33. 1819. 



Four sjiecies, auimals, South America. 

 Acaiithosperniuin australe (L.). 



ilelampodiKm australe L. Sp. Fl. ed. 2, 2 : 1309. 1763. 



Acanilioxpermum hrasilum >chrank. PL Kar. Hort. Monac. 2: t. 53. 1819. 



CenlrosjH'rminn j-antliioides H. 15. K. Nov. Geu. & Sp. 4:271. 1820. 



Acaiithosptrnnttn xanthioides DC. Prodr. 3 : 521. 1836. 



Chap. Fl. Suppl. 628; ed. 3, 240. Gray, Syu. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2: 239. 1884. 



South America to Brazil. 



Louisiauian area. Adventive iu South Carolina and Florida. 



Alabama : Lower Pine region. Coast plain. Waste ground; along railroad tracks. 

 Escambia and Mobile conntit-s. Flowers greenish white; June to October. A fre- 

 quent ballast weed. Reported from Lee County, Auburn. 



Type locality : "Hab. iu Cnnuina." 



Herb. Geo). Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



Acanthospermum humile (Sw.) DC. Prodr. 5 : .522. 1836. 



Melampodium humile Sw. Prodr. Veg. Ind. Dec. 114. 1785. 



Chap. Fl. ed.3, 240. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2:240. 



West Indies to Brazil. 



Louisiauian area. Adventive. Ports uf western Florida and occasionally at New 

 York and Philadelphia. 



Alabama: Ballast grounds. Mobile County. July to October. Obnoxious and 

 persistent ballast weed, spreading slowly along the river front. 

 Type locality: "Jamaica, Domingo."' 

 Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



BERLANDIERA DC. Prodr. 5:517. 1836. 



Four species, perennials, Sonth Atlantic North Ainerita and adjoining Sonoran 

 (Texano-Mexican) region. South Atlantic, 2. 



Berlandiera pumila (Michx.) Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. ser. 2, 7:342. 1840. 



Downy Berlandiera. 



Silphium pumilum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2 : 146. 1803. 



Berlandiera tomentoaa Nutt. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc. ser. 2, 7:343. 1840. 



Ell. Sk. 2 : 469. Chap. Fl. 221. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2 : 243. Coulter, Contr. 

 Nat. Herb. 2:206. 



Louisiauian area. North Carolina to Florida and Arkansas. 



Alabama : Coast plain. Sandy pine forests. Baldwin Couuty, Blackwater River. 

 Flowers yellow; July. Rare. 



Type locality: "Hab. in Florida." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



CHRYSOGONUM L.Sp. PI. 2:920. 1753. 



One species, Atlantic North America. 

 Chrysogonum virginianum L. Sp. PL 2 : 920. 1753. Golden Daisy. 



Ell. Sk. 2 :472. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 271. Chap. Fl. 219. Gray, Svn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 

 2:243. 



Carolinian and Louisiauian areas. Southern Pennsylvania to Florida and Louisiana. 



Alabama: Lower Pine region. Coast plain. Dry open woods. Mobile Couuty, 

 sandy pine ridges. Flowers golden yellow; March, April. Not common. PerenniaL 



Type locality : "Hab. in Virginia." 



Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 



PARTHENIUM L. Sp. PI. 2 :988. 1753. 



Ten species, perennials. West Indies, Mexico. North America, 7. 

 Parthenium hysterophorus L. Sp. PL 2 : 988. 17.53. 



Chap. Fl. 222. Gray, Syu. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2 : 244. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 207. 



West Indies, Mexico. 



Louisiauian area. Florida to Louisiana. Most proViably naturalized from the 

 Tropics. 



