34 viOLACE^. (violet family.) 



* * * Flowers yellow. 



9. V. rotundifolia, Michx. Nearly smooth ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 longer than the short petioles; lateral petals bearded. — Mountains of North 

 Carolina and northward. — Rhizoma slender, bcaiing runners. Leaves flat on 

 the ground. Petals striped ■with purple. 



§ 2. Leaves and flowers borne on manifest stems : perennials. 

 * Stems leafy throughout. 



10. V. Muhlenbergii, Torr. Primary stems erect, the later ones pros- 

 trate ; leaves broadly cordate or reniform, crcnatc and roughened witli minute 

 elevated points, tlic uppermost acute ; stipules fringed ; spur obtuse, half as long 

 as the pale purple petals ; lateral petals bearded. — Damp shades in the upper 

 districts and iiortliward. 



Var. multicaulis, Torr. & Gray. Stems all prostrate and creeping ; 

 leaves smaller, roundish, obscurely crenate, purple-veined. — Dry rocks and hills 

 in the lower districts. March and April. — Stems slender, 4' - 6' long. 



11. V. Strieta, Ait. Stems ascending ; leaves cordate, serrate, rough- 

 ened as in No. 10, the uppermost often acute ; stipules large, fringed ; spur 

 thick, shorter than the large cream-colored petals ; lateral petals bearded, the 

 lower striped witii pui-ple. — Mountains of Georgia and northward. April. — 

 Stems 10' - 12' high. Peduncles elongated. 



12. V. Canadensis, L. Tall; leaves large, broadly cordate, acuminate, 

 coarsely serrate, longer than the peduncles ; stipules nearly entire ; spur very 

 short ; petals white, externally purplish, the lateral ones bearded. — Rich soil 

 along the mountains of North Carolina and northward. May -August. — 

 Stems l°-2° high. 



* * Stems leafy at the summit : stipules entire. 



13. V. hastata, Michx. Smooth or hairy ; leaves rhombic-ovate, hastate - 

 3-lobed, or the lower ones 3-parted (V. tripartita, Ell.), serrate and commonly 

 acute ; flowers small, yellow ; lateral petals bearded, the lowest striped with 

 pui-plc ; spur very short. — Shaded bill-sides, Florida and northward. April 

 and May. — Stem C - 1 2' high. Stipules small. 



14. V. pubescens, Ait. Downy or woolly ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 coarsely serrate, mostly acute ; stipules large ; si)ur very short ; flowers yellow, 

 the lower petals veined with purple, bearded. — Dry rocky soil in the u])per dis- 

 tricts, and northward. April. — Stems 6' - 1 2' high. Capsules sometimes villous. 



§ 3. Stems leafji : root annual. 

 I."). V. tricolor, L., var. arvensis, DC. Stems brnncbing ; lowest 

 leaves roundish, the upper lanceolate, entire ; stipules leafy, pinnatilid ; flowers 

 small, yellow and purple. — Cultivated ground. Introduced. — Stem C high. 



2. SOLEA, Ging. 



Sepals not proiluccd at tbc base. Petals unequal, the lowest one gibbons at 

 the base and 2-lobcd at the apex, the others smaller. Stamens with the fllamcnts 

 united ami produced above tiic anthers, the two lower ones glandular at the 



