188 coMrosiT.E. (composite family.) 



shaped ; scales ovate, acute, fringed. — Dry rich woods. Middle Florida. -June 

 mid July. — Stem 2° - 3° high. 



3. V. Noveboracensis, AVilld. Stem more or less pubescent, branched 

 above ; leaves lanceolate, serrate, mostly roughish above, smooth or pubescent 

 beneath ; corymbs spreading ; involucre hemispherical, the scales fringed, ovate, 

 ending in a long tiiiform point, or simply acute. (V. tomentosa, Ell. V. prae- 

 alta, M'illJ.) — River-banks and low ground, Florida to Mississippi, and north- 

 ward. July -Sept. — Stem 3°-G° high. Scales of the involucre purple, and 

 usually covered with web-likc hairs. 



4. V. faseiculata, Michx., var. altissima, Torr. &, Gray. Stem tall, 

 and, like the lauctoUue serrate leaves, smoothish ; involucre small, licniispheri- 

 cal; the scales ovate, acute or mucronatc, fringed, appressed. (V. altissima, 

 Nutt.) — Low ground, Florida to North Carolina, and westward. September. 

 — Stem 6° - 10° high. Leaves 6' -12' long. 



5. v. angustifolia, Michx. Stem slender, smooth or hairy, very leafy ; 

 leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, smoothish, or pubescent and roughish, the low- 

 est ones sparingly denticulate, the upper entire, with the margins revolute ; cor- 

 ymbs mostly umbel-like ; involucre bell-shaped ; the scales lanceolate, fringed, 

 acute or consj)icuously mucronatc. (V. scabcrrima, Nutt) — Dry pine barrens, 

 Florida to North Carolina, and westward. June - August. — Stem 2° - 3° high. 



2. STOKESIA, L'ller. 



Heads many-flowered ; the marginal flowers much larger, deeply split on the 

 inside, and ray-like. Involucre subglolx>sc, bracted, the outer scales prolonged 

 into a leafy bristly-fringed appendage, the inner ones lanceolate and entire. Re- 

 ceptacle naked. Achcnia short, 3-4-angled, smooth. Pappus composed of 

 4-5 filifonn chaffy deciduous scales. — A sparingly branched downy-stemmed 

 perennial. Leaves smooth, lanceolate, entire, the upper ones sessile, and, like 

 the bracts, fringed at the base, the lowest narrowed into a slender petiole. Heads 

 few or solitary, large, terminal. Flowers blue. 



1. S. cyanea, L'Her. — Wet pine barrens, South Carolina, and westward, 

 very rare. — Stems 1°- U° high. Heads 1' wide. 



3. ELEPHANTOPUS, L. ELEniANx's-FOOT. 



Heads 3 - ."i-flowercd, crowded in terminal 3-bracted clusters. Flowers all 

 equal and similar. Involucre compressed ; scales 8, in 2 rows, dry, oblong, 

 acute, dotted. Receptacle naked. Corolla deeply split on one side, palmate. 

 Achenium oblong, ribl)cd, hairy. Pappus bristly from a dilated base, double or 

 single. — Erect hairy corymbose-branched perennials, with alternate ain])lo leaves, 

 and purple or whiKt flowers. 



1. E. Carolinianus, Willd. Stem leafy, hairy; leaves thin, oval or 

 oblong, iiKurvcd senate, hairy, tapering into a petiole; bracts ovate, longer 



