224 '' COMPOSITE, (composite family.) 



1. X. strumarium, L. Stem spineless, rough, branclicd ; leaves large, 

 broadly cordate, 3 - 5-lol)ed ; the lobes toothed, aeute and rougii on both sides ; 

 fruit oval, pointed by two straight and smooth beaks. — Var. eciiinatum. 

 Leaves obtuse, less strongly lobcd ; the incurved beaks and spines of the larger 

 (!') fruit bristly. — Cultivated fields and waste plaees, common. July-Sept — 

 Stem l°-4° high, often spotted. 



2. X. spinosum, L. Stem armed with triple spines, mncli branched; 

 leaves lanceolate, entire or 3-lobed, hoary-tomentosc beneath ; fruit pointed by a 

 single beak. — Waste places around the larger seaports, and sparingly in the 

 interior. Introduced. Aug. and Sept. — Stem 2° -3° high. 



38. ECLIPTA, L. 



Heads many-flowered ; the ray-flowers short, pistillate, in a single row ; those 

 of the disk tubular, 4-toothed, perfect. Scales of the involucre 10-12, in 2 

 rows, lleccptacle flat, with bristly chaff. Aehenia 3 - 4-angled, hairy at the 

 apex. Pappus none. — Rough branching annuals, with opposite lanceolate 

 leaves. Heads small, axillary, on peduncles of varying kiigth. Flowers 

 white. 



1. E. erecta, L. Stem erect or diffuse, terete, tumid l)clow the joints, 

 sprinkled, like the leaves, with appressed rigid hairs ; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 

 acute, serrate, naiTowcd into a petiole ; peduncles single or 2-3 together. (E. 

 procumbens, and E. brachypoda, McAx.) — Wet places, Florida, and north- 

 ward. Sept. and Oct. — Stem 6' - 3° long. 



2. E. longifolia, Schrad. Stem erect, rough-hairy ; leaves lanceolate or 

 bblong-hinccolate, acuminate, serrate, sessile and clasping; peduncles longer 

 than the heads. — Wet places, Apalachicola, Florida. Sept. — Stem l°-2'' 

 high. Leaves 4' - C long. 



39. BORRICHIA, Adans. 



Heads many-flowered ; ray-flowers pistillate, in a single row ; those of the 

 disk tubular, .5-toothcd, perfect. Scales of the hemispherical involucre imbri- 

 cated ; the exterior ones leafy, lieceijtacle flat, with rigid persistent chaff. 

 Aehenia somewhat wedge-shaped, 3 - 4-angled. Pappus a 3-4-toothcd border. 

 — Fleshy maritime shrubs. Leaves opposite and slightly connate. Heads soli- 

 tary, peduncled. Flowers yellow. 



1. B. arborescens, DC. Smooth, or the young branches pubescent; 

 leaves spatuhite-lanceolatc, abruptly pointed, entire ; scales of the involucre as 

 long as the disk ; the inner ones and chaft' of the receptacle obtuse. — Key West. 

 Dec. — Shrub .^o- 10° high. 



2. B. frutescens, DC. Branches and leaves hoary-fomentose; leaves 

 varving frr)tn spaluliitc-linear to obovafc-oblong, entire or toothed near the biusc ; 

 scales of the involucre shorter than the disk, the iimer ones and eliair of tlie rc- 

 cepta<-le sfiine-pointed. (nuplithahnum frutescens, L ) — Saline marshes, Flor- 

 ida to North Carolina. .June - Octe — Stem 1° - 2° high. 



