MAGNOLIACE^. (mAGJVOLIA FAMILY.) 11 



2. A. spicata, L., var. rubra, Ait. (Red Cohosh.) Like the pie- 

 ced iug, but the pedicels not thickeued in fruit, aud the berries cherry-red. — 

 Tennessee. May. 



19. CIMICIFUGA, L. BuGBANE. 



Sepals 4-5, ovate, colored, caducous. Petals 1-8, 2-lobed. Stamens very 

 numerous, the filiform filaments elongated. Ovaries 1-8, 1-celled, ripening 

 iuto many-seeded follicles. — Tall perennial herbs, with large ternately com- 

 pound leaves, and long slender racemes of white fiowers. 



* Ovary mostly siiu/le ; stigma large, depressed ; seeds horizontal, smooth. 



1. C. raoemosa, EU. (Black Sxakeroot.) Stem 4° -8° high; 

 leaves 3-ternate, the ovate or ovate-lanceolate leaflets sharply toothed and 

 serrate ; racemes 6'- 12' long, mostly branched, downy ; follicles ovate, sessile 

 on the pedicel. — Rich shady woods in the upper districts. 



* * Ovaries 3-%; stigma minute ; seeds vertical, chaffy. 



2. C. Americana, Michx. Stem 30-4° high; leaves 3-ternate ; leaflets 

 ovate, sharply toothed and serrate, the terminal one 3-lobed ; racemes some- 

 what pauicled ; follicles 3^5, compressed, obovate-obloug, short- stipitate. 



Mountains of N. Carolina. June- July. 



3. C. COrdifolia, Pursh. Stem 2° -3° high; leaves 2-ternate, ovate or 

 cordate-ovate, 2 - 3-lobed, toothed and serrate ; racemes long, panicled ; fol- 

 licles 2-3, oblong, sessile. — High mountains of N. Carolina. Rare. June- 

 July. 



Order 2. MAGNOLIACE^. (Magxolia Family.) 



Aromatic trees or shrubs, with simple alternate leaves, and regular 

 hypogj-nous flowers. — Sepals and petals mostly alike, imbricated in 

 three or more rows in the bud. Stamens distinct or united. Anthers 

 adnata. Ovaries numerous, imbricated or whorled, 1 - 2-ovuled. Fruit 

 fleshy, baccate, or samara-like, distinct, or in cone-like heads. Seed 

 dry or baccate. Embryo minute at the base of fleshy albumen. 



Synopsis. 



Suborder I. "WINTERED. Flowers perfect. Stamens numerous, separate. Ovaries 

 in a single wliorl, 1-ovuled, becoming coriaceous follicles in fruit. — Erect shrubs. 

 Leaves entire. Stipules none. 



1. ILLICIUM. Leaves evergreen. Flowers nodding. 



Suborder II. SCHIZANDRE.^. Flowers monoecious. Stamens united. Ovaries 

 imbricated in a head, 2-ovuled, becoming scattered berries in fruit. — Climbing shrubs. 

 Leaves deciduous, often toothed. Stipules none. 



2. SCHIZANDRA. Stamens .5, united into a 5-lobed disk. 



Suborder in. MAGNOLTE.^i;. Flowers perfect. Stamens numerous, separate. 

 Ovaries imbricated in a head, 2-ovuled. Fruit fleshy or somewhat woody, in cone- 

 like heads or spikes. — Chieiiy trees. Leaves entire. Stipules large. 



.3. MAGNOLIA. Fruit fleshy, dehiscent, persistent on the receptacle. Anthers intror^e. 



4. LIRIODENDRON. Fruit woody, indehiscent, samara-like, deciduous. Anthers 

 extrorse. 



