L'12 comi'Osit.t:. (roMPdsrn: iamii.v.) 



t>. S. ISBVigatum, KU- Stem smooth ; leiives wiibroiis, tliiik, lanceolate- 

 oliliMiii, jiiiite at t;uli cud, o])po.site, <-oar.st'ly serrate, on short petioles ; tlie 

 upper nearly sessile; heails small, loosely eorymhose; stales of the iuvoliure 

 ovate, olituse, sjireadinji; ; aeheiiia ovaJ-ohovate, narrowly winged, eniargin'at*- 

 and sliglilly 2-tootlied at the ajiex. — Upper districts of Georgia and Ahi- 

 Itania. -Iiily - Se](l. — Stem 2°-3^ I'igh. Lowest leaves G'-8' long. 



7. S. SCaberrimutn, l*'.ll. Stem mostly liisjiid ; leaves mostly opposite, 

 ovate, acute, serrate, very rongli t»n l)otli sides, on sliort petioles; heads 

 corymbose ; scales of the involucre ovate, ciliate ; acheuia nearly orbicular, 

 broadly winged, deeply notched at the apex. — Florida to Tennessee, and 

 westward. August -Sept. — Stem stout, 3° -4° high, becoming smoutiiish. 

 Leaves 3' - 4' long. 



8. S. integrifolium, Michx. Stem 3° -6° high, simple, smootli or 

 scal)rous ; lea\es uMnng-ovate, the lower 3' -5' long, sliort-j)etioled, often ser- 

 rate, the upper sessile, denticulate or entire; heads small, corymbose; scales 

 of the involucre round-ovate ; achenia 3" long, oljovate, narrowly winged, 2- 

 toothed. — Tennessee, and northward. July. 



9. S. brachiatum, natt. Stem 3° -5° high, smooth and glaucous; 

 leaves loiig-pctinlcd, opjKisitc, ha-state-ovate or oblong-ovate, dentate, rough 

 above, the u])per entire; tioweriiig liranches spreading, few-flowered ; iieads 

 y long, long-pcduncled ; achenia broadly obovate, narrowly winged, emar- 

 ginate; rays few. — Cum])crland Mountains, Tennessee. July. 



•f- -I- Stems sfjuare. 



If^. S. perfoliatum, L. Stem and branches smooth or hairy; leaves 

 largo, opposite, ovate or ovate-oblong, coarsely toothed, rough on both sides, 

 or ])ubescent or hairy beneath, their bases, or winged petioles, united ; the up- 

 permost commonly entire, simply serrate ; corymb trichotomoiis ; the central 

 heads long-pedunded ; scales of the involucre ovate, obtuse ; achenia broadly 

 obovate, emarginate. — Banks of streams along the mountains of Georgia, 

 and northward. July -Sept. — Stem 4° -6° high. Leaves 6'- 12' long. 

 Heads large. 



38. BERL^NDIERA, DC. 



Heads many-flowered. Ray flowers few, pistillate ; those of the disk tubu- 

 lar, 5-toothed, sterile. Scales of the involucre in three rows, the innermost 

 largest, membranaceous, adherent to the fertile achenia. Receptacle chaffy; 

 the chaff dilated u])ward, obtuse, hooded, partly embracing the sterile achenia ; 

 the inner ones gradually narrower. Fertile achenia in a single row, obovate, 

 flattened, wingless, pubescent on the inner face, the apex entire. — Perennial 

 downy or hf)ary herl)s, with alternate leaves, solitary or corymbose heads, 

 and yellow rays. 



1. B. tomentosa, Nutt. Stem leafy, hoary-tomentose ; leaves oblnng- 

 ovate, crenate, hoary beneath, closely pubescent above ; the loAvest tapering 

 into a petiole ; the upper cordate, sessile ; heads at length numerous, corym- 

 bose-panided. — Dry pine barrens, Florida to North Carolina, and westward. 

 June- August. — Stem l°-3°high. Leaves 2' - 3' long. 



