COMPOSITE. (composite FAMILY.) 247 



1. Z. pauciflora, L. Stem erect, hairy, brauchiug ; leaves obloug- 

 lanceolate ; chaff of the receptacle obtuse ; pappus of the disk flowers 1-awned ; 

 rays red or purple. — Waste places, Florida to North Carolina. Introduced. 

 July- Sept. — Stem 1° - 2° higli. Kays sometimes fading into yellow. 



49. HELIOPSIS, Pers. 



Heads many-flowered ; the ray flowers pistillate ; those of the disk tubular, 

 perfect, 5-toothed. Scales of tlie involucre in 2-3 rows ; the exterior hjnger, 

 leafy. Chaff of the conical receptacle lanceolate, partly clasping tlie 4-augled 

 truncated aclienia. Pappus minute or none. — Perennial herbs with the 

 habit of Helianthus. Rays yellow. 



1. H. Ise vis, Pers. Smooth; stem slender, branching; leaves ovate or 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, siiarply serrate, 3-ribbed at the base, on 

 slender petioles ; j^eduucles elongated ; scales of the involucre obtuse ; rays 

 deciduous ; achenia smooth and truncate. — Dry open woods, Florida, and 

 northward. August -Sept. — Stem 2°-3° higli. Leaves 2' -3' long, some- 

 times scabrous. 



2. H. gracilis, Xutt. Stem more slender, often, like the leaves, some- 

 what scabrous ; heads smaller ; achenia pubescent, crowned ^ith a minute 

 chaffy pappus ; otherwise like the last. — Dry woods in tlie upper districts. 

 August. 



50. TETRAGONOTHECA, Dill. 



Heads many-flowered ; the ray flowers (6 - 9) pistillate ; those of the disk 

 tubular, 5-toothed, perfect. Involucre double, 4-sided ; the exterior of 4 ovate 

 leaves partly united below ; the interior of about 8 small chaffy scales. Chaff 

 of the conical receptacle lanceolate, acute. Achenia obovoid, nearly terete, 

 truncated. Pappus none. — A low hairy and clammy perennial herb, with 

 large sessile or connate, oval or oblong, coarsely toothed leaves, and large 

 solitary heads of yellow flowers, on long peduncles. 



1. T. helianthoides, L. — Dry sandy soil, Florida to North Carolina. 

 July. — Stems several, stout, 1°-H° high. Leaves 4'-6'long. Head 2' in 

 diameter. 



51. SPILANTHES, Jacq. 



Heads many-flowered ; tlie ray flowers often wanting. Scales of the in- 

 volucre in 2 rows, appressed, shorter than the disk. Receptacle convex or 

 elongated ; the membranaceous cliaff embi-acing the flowers. Achenia of the 

 disk comjiressed, mostly ciliate on the margins, naked at the apex, or with 

 1-3 bri.stly a\vns ; those of the rays 3-angled. — Chiefly annual acrid lierlis, 

 with opposite undivided leaves, and solitary heads of yellow flowers on long 

 peduncles. 



1. S. repGnS, Michx. Stem braiicliiiig, smooth or pubescent, docuniboiit 

 and rooting at the base ; leaves ovate-lanceolate or lanceolate, slightly or 

 coarsely serrate, narrowed into a petiole ; heads small, ovoid, becoming 

 oblong-conical ; achenia awnless or minutely 1 -2-awued ; rays 12. — Muddy 

 banks. Sept. - Oct. 1}. — Stem 6' - 2^ long. 



