COMPOSIT.E. (composite FAMILY.) 255 



trichotomous ; rays 1-5, yellow ; achenia wingless. — Waste places, road- 

 sides, etc., Mississippi to North Carolina. Sept. — Stem 4° -6° high. 



2. V. Virginica, L. Stem 3-wiuged ; the branches mostly wingless, 

 tomentose ; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, irregularly serrate or sinuate- 

 lobed, tapering into winged petioles, rough above, downy beneath ; corymbs 

 cymose ; rays 3-4, oval, white ; achenia winged. (V. sin uata, £"//.) — Dry 

 open woods, Florida and northward. Sept. — Stem 2" -6° high. 



* * Heads larger : raijs 5 - 14, yellow, or none. 

 -1- Pappus 2-awned. 



3. V. heterophylla, Gray. Stem mostly simple, hirsute, terete above, 

 winged below ; leaves rough, the lower ones opposite, decurreut, oblong, the 

 upper small, linear, remote ; heads single or loosely corymbose ; scales of the 

 involucre lanceolate, shorter than the disk and the 5-10 linear rays; chaff 

 of the receptacle rigid, acute, longer than the obovate narrowly winded 

 1 - 2-awned achenia. — Low pine barrens. East Florida. — Stem 2°- 3° high. 

 Lower leaves 2' -3' long. 



4. V. helianthoides, Michx. Stem hirsute, strougly winged ; leaves 

 alternate, ovate-lanceolate, sessile, rough hairy above, downy and hoary be- 

 neatli ; heads few, corymbose ; scales of the involucre in 2 - 3 rows, broadly 

 lanceolate, appressed ; rays 8-14, j'ellow ; achenia slightly winged; awns 

 bristle-like. — Near Louisville, Georgia, and westward. Julj'. — Stem 2°-3'^ 

 high. Leaves 3' long. Rays \V long. 



5. V. nudicaulis, Gray. Hirsute ; stem wingless, somewhat naked and 

 corymbose above ; leaves opposite, oblong, sessile, barely acute, the ixpper- 

 most small and mostly alternate ; heads corymbose ; scales of the involucre 

 short, in 2-3 rows; rays 7-12, yellow; achenia obovate-oblong, mostly 

 wingless ; awns short. — Dry sandy woods, Georgia, Alabama, and Florida. 

 August -Sept. — Stem 2° high. Leaves 2'- 3' long. 



6. V. encelioides, Benth. Annual, canescent; .stem erect; leaves 

 ovate or o1)long, coarsely serrate, the broadly winged petioles auriculate at the 

 base ; lieads somewhat corymbose : achenia of the disk winged, 2-awned, of 

 the rays wingless, 3-toothed. (Ximenesia, Cav.) — Middle and South Florida. 

 Introduced. — Stem 2° -3° high. Flowers yellow. 



■<- ■•- Pappus and rays none. 



7. v. "Warei, Gray. Stem wingless, simple, smooth lielow, naked and 

 rough above ; leaves opposite or alternate, lanceolate or elliptical, sessile, 

 rigid, ol)tu.se, strongly reticulate, strigose ; heads solitary or 2-3 together, 

 terminal ; scales of the involucre in 2 rows, lanceolate, appressed ; flowers 

 orange-yelloAv ; the marginal ones abortive ; achenia olilong-oljovate, narrowly 

 winged, with a cup-shaped disk. — Low pine barrens near the coast, AVest 

 Florida. June -July. — Stem l°-2° high. Leaves 2' long. Heads dark 

 brown. 



59. ACTINOMERIS, Nutt. 

 Heads many-flowered; the ray flowers 4- 14, neutral, or wanting. Scales 

 of the involucre in 1-3 rows, leafy. Receptacle convex or conical, chaff}^; 

 the chaff embracing the outer edge of the laterally compressed obovate spread- 



