2C2 COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITK FAMILY.) 



70. GAILLAKDIA, Toiig. 



Heads many-HowLTt'il ; the rays iRUtnil.deiidiioiis. Scales of the involucre 

 iu 3 rows, spreading ahove. Hetei)taele convex, naked or tiniliriliatc!. Hays 

 wedge shaped, i)alniately 3-lobe(l. Corolla of the disk with suliulate lobes. 

 Aehenia tojKsiiaped, hairy. I'appus of 6 - 10 membranaceous 1-uerved awued 

 scales. — I'uliescent branching herbs, with alternate leaves, and solitary heads 

 of yellow or jiurple llowers terminating the ijranches. 



1. G. lanceolata, Midix. stem (l°-2^) witli long and slender branches; 

 leaves narrow-lanceolate, mostly entire, sessile, the lowest narrowed at the 

 base ; rays yellow, sometimes wanting ; disk Hovvers i)urple ; receptacle naked ; 

 scales of the pappus 7-9. — Dry pine barrens, Florida to Soutii Carolina. 

 July - Sept. 



71. HELENIUM, L. 



Heads many-flowered, radiate ; the rays wedge-shaped, 3 - 5-cleft. Scales 

 of the involucre in 2 rows ; the outer ones spreading, the inner fewer and 

 chaffy. Receptacle naked, convex, globose, or oblong. Corolla of tiie disk 

 4-5-toothed. Aehenia top-shaped, furrowed, hairy. Pappus of 5-8 mem- 

 branaceous pointed or awned scales. — Erect herbs, with the stem often 

 winged by the alternate decurrent leaves. Heads terminal. Flowers mostly 

 yellow. 



§1. Raijs pistillate : stems branching ; head s Jew or man i/. 



1. H. autumnale, L. Perennial, smooth or minutely pubescent ; leaves 

 lanceolate or oblong, serrate, strongly decurrent ; scales of the involucre 

 linear-subulate ; scales of the pappus ovate-lanceolate, denticulate, awn- 

 pointed ; rays fertile, 3 - 5-cleft, longer than the disk. — Damp soil. Aug. - 

 Sept. — Stem 2^ - 4^ higli. Aehenia hairy. 



2. H. parviflorum, Nutt. Perennial, smooth; leaves lanceolate or 

 oblong-lanceolate, sparingly serrulate, scarcely decurrent ; scales of the in- 

 volucre filiform ; rays sterile, 3-cleft, narrow ; aehenia smooth ; pappus awned. 

 Georgia, Nuttall. — Heads smaller than the last, globose. 



3. H. tenuifolium, Nutt. Annual, smooth ; stem .^lender, very leafv ; 

 leaves narn.w-linear, entire ; heads globose, on long and .slender peduncles ; 

 scales of the involucre subulate ; scales of the pappus ovate, entire, abruptly 

 awned; aehenia villous — Hoad-sides and waste ground. Sept. — Stem 1°- 

 2^ high. Branches erect. 



4. H. quadridentatum, Labill. Annual, smoothish ; lowest leaves 

 oblong, i)iniiatifid ; tlie ii]>iKr ones lanceolate, entire ; rays shorter than the 

 oblong disk ; scales of the papi)us roundish, obtuse. — River banks and damp 

 soil. North Carolina, and westward. —Stem much branched, l°-3° high. 



5. H. nudiflorum, Xutt. I'erennial, stem pubescent ; leaves lanceo- 

 late, entire or nearly so, decurrent ; heads globose, dark purple ; scales of the 

 pappus ovate, .slightly denticulate, abruptly awn-pointed ; aehenia hairy on 

 the angles. — River banks, Florida to North Carolina. May - June. — Stem 

 10-2° high. 



