COMPOSITE. (composite FAMILY.) 271 



§ 2. Perennial, stemless or caulescent : scales and bristles of the pappus 

 numerous: achenia cylindrical. — Cynthia. 



2. K. amplexicaulis, Nutt. Root fibrous; stem branched above, bear- 

 ing 3-5 heads ou slender umbellate peduncles ; radical leaves oval or spatulate- 

 oblong, toothed or pinnatifid ; the upper clasping and entire ; achenia oblong. 

 — Sandy soil in the upper districts. May- July. — Stem l°-2° high. 



3. K. montana, Nutt. Stem short (2' -5' high), from a short root- 

 stock; peduncles single, axillary and terminal, 6' -8' long; leaves clasping, 

 the lower pinnatifid, the upper linear, entire. — Mountains of North Carolina. 

 August. 



4. K. Dandelion, Nutt. Stem short or none ; root fibrous, bearing one 

 or more globular tubers ; leaves lanceolate and entire, or broader and pin- 

 natifid; peduncles two or more, 6'- 12' long. — Damp rich soil, in the upper 

 districts. April. 



90. CICHORIUM, Touru. Chiccort. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre double, the exterior spreading. Achenia 

 striate, compressed. Pappus of numerous chaffy scales in 1 - 2 rows. — Herbs. 

 Leaves toothed or pinnatifid. Heads sessile. Flowers blue. 



1. C. Intybus, L. vStem rigid, erect; leaves oblong, toothed, the lower 

 pinnatifiJ. — Waste ground. Introduced. 



91. HIERACIUM, Tourn. 



Heads many-flowered. Scales of the involucre imbricated, or in 2 rows ; 

 the outer row short. Receptacle nearly naked. Achenia not beaked, com- 

 monly terete or spindle-shaped, ribbed. Pappus a single row of persistent 

 brownish white hairs. — Perennial herbs with alternate entire or toothed 

 leaves, and single, corymbose, or pauicled heads of yellow flowers. — Invo- 

 lucre, in our species, in 2 rows, the outer short and bract-like. 



1. H. scabriim, Michx. Stem stout, leafy, hirsute below, rough above ; 

 panicle somewhat corymbose ; leaves oval, sessile ; the lowest spatulate-oblong, 

 hirsute; peduncles and involucre tomentose and glandular-hispid; achenia 

 cylindrical. — Open woods in the upper districts. Augu.st-Sept. — Stem 

 l°-3°high. Heads large, many-flowered. "^ 



2. H. Gronovii, L. Stem leafy and hirsute below, naked and smoother 

 above ; leaves entire or denticulate, hirsute ; the lowest spatulate-oblong ; the 

 upper small, sessile ; panicle narrow, elongated ; achenia narrowed upward. — 

 Dry sandy soil. Sept. - Oct. — Stem 1 o - 2° high. Lowest leaves spreading 

 ou the ground. 



3. H. venosum, L. Stem slender, nearly leafless, smooth ; lowest leaves 

 oblong-obovate, smooth, or hirsute on the veins beneath, often veined with 

 purple; the others (1-3) small and remote; heads small, in a spreading 

 corymbose panicle, smoothish ; achenia linear. — Shady soil in the upper dis- 

 tricts. May - July. — Stem 1 ° - 2° high . 



4. H. paniculatum, L. Stem slender, leafy, villous below ; leaves thia 

 lanceolate, denticulate, acute, smooth ; panicle divaricate ; heads small, 1 2 - 20- 



