294 BURMA, ITS PEOPLE AM) PRODCCTIOXS. 



c. Tree frogs. 

 Family Polypedatidse. 



Fingers and toes more or less dilated ;it their tips into pneumatically prehensile 

 disks, in accoidance with their arboreal habits. 



PoLTPEDATES, Dumeril et Bihron. 



Skin smooth. A fold from the eye to the tympanum, but none along the back. 

 Tongue elongate and deeply notched behind. Fingers partly, toes broadly webbud. 

 Disk well developed. Habits arboreal, crepuscular. Females larger than the males. 



P. MACULATUs, Gray. 



P. leucomystax, Dum. et Bib. 



Eye large. Tympanum nearly as large. Skin smooth above. Disks largo. 

 Fingers slightly, toes broadly webbed. Colour variable, pale-brown or grey above. 

 Liml)s barred. Upper lip pale. A dark streak through the orbit and tympanum. 

 Under parts dirty white. 



Females grow to 3'5 inches. Males to 2-25 inches. 



Ranges through India to Burma and China. 



These animals art! arboreal and crepuscular, and during the day remain in 

 concealment under bushes in damp spots. As the shades of evening spread, their 

 feeble jiiping note may bo heard, and they may bo seen if carefully looked for 

 moving al>out among the branches, and not unfrequently assuming grotesque attitudes, 

 holding on with out-stretched limbs to twigs, either arrested in these attitudes, 

 by the approach of the observer, or on the outlook for insects. They also enter 

 houses in pursuit of insects, and theu' presence is perhaps first announced by the 

 heavy flop of their bodies falling from the walls or ceilings on the smooth surface 

 of a table or the polislied floor. 



P. TuNNANENSis, Anderson. 



Tympanum more than lialf a diameter of the eye. Vomerine teeth in two 

 oblique, convergent but separated ridges. Thumb much swolk'n in the male. Disks 

 feebly developed. A few wart-like glands behind the gape and a series from the 

 shoulder along the sides, in the position of the fold on ILjlaranix, with numerous wart- 

 like glands below it. Belly minutely granular. A circvdar granular area on the chest. 

 Above dark-greenish brown, with ragged dark-brown spots. Limbs and feet barred. 

 Jaws spottecl. Below yellow, sometimes faintly spotted. Length 2'73 inches. 



Near Hotha at 4 to 500 feet. 



It differs from its nearest ally P. marmoralm, by its smaller disks, and "more 

 emarginatc interdactyle membrane." 



In Boulenger's Catalogue of the Batrachia Salientia, this species is transferred to 

 Rana, and i-euamed R. Audemonii, in conformity with the author's practice of disre- 

 garding the significance of the digital disks, and selecting as of more importance the 

 absence or presence of an interdigital web. The natural genus Pohjpcdates hence 

 comes to be split up, those species with weh between the fingers being referred to 

 Rhacopliorus, and those without, to Rana. 



P. JIARMOKATUS, Blyth. 

 /'. Afyhana, Giinther. 



Tympanum very small, the size of one of the finger disks. Vomerine teeth in 

 a straight line interrupted in the middle. Disks well developed. Skin smooth or 

 sometimes finely gi-anidar above and more coarsely so on the sides. Above brown, 

 very finely marbled or spotted with pale yellowish brown. Below yello^vish, un- 

 spotted. Throat sometimes brown-spotted. 



Ranges from Darjiling to Pegu and Yunan. 



This species, because its fingers are free, is transferred by Boulenger to Rana, 

 in spite of its well-developed digital pads. As it is next to certain that the species 

 did not come from Afghanistan, but from the Eastern Himalayas, Blyth's name seems 

 entitled to retention. 



