J/.i.i/.i/.i/./.i. 465 



II. Nll'ALKNSIS. 



Tlio Nipal wolverine. K3-ouk pyiin or Kyoung-pyun. 



Above cnrtliy brown. Below with the edge of tlie ii])per lip and insiile.s of tlio 

 limbs and terminal lialt' of the tail yellowish. A white vertebral stripe from llio 

 nape to the loins. Forehead witli a white band eontlnent over tlie cheeks witii tlie 

 pule under surface. 



Ilead and body 1(5 ; tail (with hair) 9 inches. 



Ranges from Nipal through Arakau to Pegu, south of wliicli it is probably 

 replaced by the allied (if not identical) species. 



H. Orient alia, Horsf. 



The Hebrew word, Dr. ^fason remarks, rendered "weasel" in Leviticus, is 

 identical with the Arabic ' A'/ki/ikI,' wliith signifies a mole. 



ir. siosCHAT.v, Gray. 



The colour is paler than in II. Xipalensls, the hair on the thighs and forc-arnis 

 being white-tipped. 



Inhabits Yunan at 5000. 



Dr. Anderson considers that the three Indian species, IT. Orientals, H. Kijmlemis, 

 and II. mvschata, are separable from each other by three different types of skidl ; the 

 fir.st distinguished by its sliortness, large teetli, short palate and a small infra-orbital 

 foramen ; the second by its greater length, large teeth, long palate, and small infra- 

 orbital foramen ; and the third by its long skull and palate, small teeth and largo 

 infra-orbital foramen. 



Family Canidee. 



Cl'ox, lliiihjxiin. 



Dentition, I. S ; C. ? ; P.M. '^ ; :\r. J = 40. 



General structure as in Caiii», liut with onh- \i molars and premolars in either 

 jaw, the second tubercular premolar of the lower jaw being wanting. Mauimtc 14. 



C. EUTILANS, lliill. 



Wild dog. Tor-khwe. 



Colour bright rusty red or rufous fawn colour, paler beneath. Tail moderately 

 'brushed,' reaching to the heels, and usually black-tipped. 



Distributed in suitable localities over the whole of India, Ceylon and Burma, 

 Sumatra, etc., but from its retiring habits is rarely seen. 



An ' Imlian wild dog' is described by Dr. JIurie (Proc. Zool. Soo. L. 1872, p. 

 715), which I believe represents an animal from Burma; anyhow there can be little 

 question, fi'om the consensus of opinion of those who have studied the animals alive, 

 that there is but one Asiatic species, though Gray (P. Z. Soc. L. 1808, p. 498) 

 separates into as many species the Nipal, Southern Indian and Sumatran wild dogs 

 {C. primavHS, C. Sumatrensis and C. Bekkanen.si.'s). 



Dr. Mason remarks, "There is a wild dog in the Provinces which Mr. Blylh 

 regards as a distinct species, and the Karens have described to me an animal that 

 makes his kennel in the ground like a fox or a jackal, which they say is found in the 

 Shan country. The 'fox' of the English Bible is probably the 'jackal.' The 

 Hebrew word is ' skiiffal,' the Persian name of the jackal is ' s/iai/Jial' and ' s/mkal,' 

 and the Pali is ' theuc/ula' and ' sheugala' from the same root which the Burman 

 books render 'earth-dog.'" The wild dog, according to Hodgson and Jerdon, preys 

 by night and by day, but chiefly by day. Six, eight or ten unite to hunt down their 

 victim, maintaining the chase rather by scent than sight. In hunting, they bark like 

 hounds, but in discordant tones, alike dill'cring from those of the domesticated dog, or 

 the jackal and fox. Of some kept in confinement, Hodgson remarks that "after ten 

 months' confinement they were as wild and shy as at the first hour [ got them. Their 

 eyes emitted a strong light in the dark, and their bodies had the peculiar f(x;tid odour 

 of the fox and jackal in all its raukness." 



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