•irO nr/t.V.i, ITS PEOPLE AND PRODUCTIONS. 



between the callosities, and its upper svu-face roufchoned by being sat upon, and more- 

 over we find, when we come to examine its structure, that this bent portion contains 

 only a few rudiments of vertebrae at its base, its greater extent being reduced to a 

 tendinous mass. These facts seem to have only one explanation : This tail from its 

 short size is in the monkey's way when it sits down, and frequently becomes placed 

 under the animal while it is in this attitude, and from the circumstance that it does 

 rot extend beyond the ischial tuberosities, it seems as if the tail had been originally 

 bent round by the will of the animal into the interspace between the callosities, to 

 escape being pressed between them and the ground ; that in time the curvature became 

 permanent, fitting in of itself when the organ happens to be sat upon. These facts 

 might support Lord Jlonboddo's theory of the gradual disappearance of tails." 



From compai'ison of various specimens. Dr. Anderson has established the fact 

 that these red-faced stumpy-tailed monkeys "arc born with a purely uniform brown 

 fur," but as age advances the hairs become annulated, and in the adult " tlio 

 cliaracteristic feature of the fur is the regularity and uniformity of the annulation, 

 and the great number of anuuli wliieh occur on each individual hair," ranging as 

 high as 14. 



This monkey ranges from the Kakhyen Hills to Assam, appearing to be restricted 

 to the hills, and not to be found in the more open ground. It has been sent by 

 Phayre from Arakan (Proc. As. Soc. B. Juno, 1847). It also occurs in Tenasserim, 

 having been procured near Malwon by Mr. Alfred Hough, when stationed in that 

 neighbourhood, and that gentleman observed that the same name (Myouk-lwai-gyau) 

 was given to it by the natives as to the Gibbon, probably from the shortness of its 

 tail, leading them to regard it as a sort of terrestrial gibbon or ape. 



M. NEMESTIilNUS, L. 



The pig-tailed Baboon of Pennant. Myouk-pa-htic. 



General colour olive, tending to brown, the variation being due, according to 

 Dr. Anderson, "to the relative development of the yellow and black rings on the 

 hair. The rings occur on tlie exposed portion of tlie hair, the hidden part of which is 

 grey." Head and back often very dark. The under part, gi-eyish, together with the 

 sides of the face, which arc marked with blackish-grey. The face is nude, and witli 

 the ears and callosities, of a dusky Hesh colour. " The tail is a little more than a third 

 of the length of the body and head, and is rather sparsely clad, contracting somewhat 

 rapidly to a point, and carried erect, being somewhat downwardly curved near the tip." 



Inhabits Borneo and Sumatra, and ranges south of Tenasserim. 



A curious habit may be noticed in those monkeys with gaudily-coloured po.steriors 

 and adjoining parts, of thrusting that part of their persons into your face, as it were, 

 by way of welcome or conciliatory salutation. This may be seen in the comiuon 

 Rhesus monkey. Let a dog, or a man whom the monkey distrusts, approach, and the 

 monkey presents a bold front, with a threatening display of its teeth. Let, however, 

 a friend approach, or any one whom the monkey wishes to conciliate by civility, and 

 it immediately turns round and elevates its rubicund posteriors to the gaze of the 

 visitor, with a reverted look over its shoulder, which plainly says, "There, are you 

 not chaiTued with that beautiful vision ? " This charmingly naive habit is only 

 practised by those monkeys whoso ' sacral ' callosities and adjoining parts are gaudily 

 coloured, and is not noticed in individuals belonging to other families not so provided. 



M. LEONiNus, Blyth. 



M. Andamanensis, Bartlett. 

 The long-haired pig-tailed monkey. Myouk-ni. 



The long-haired pig-tail monkey was originally described from two skins, with- 

 out skull or other bones attached, from Arakan. One was that of a particularly fine 

 male, with hair on the fore-quarters from four to five inches long, and the tail-tuft of 

 a deep ferruginous colour, which also tinged the fore-quarters. The other was that 

 of a small young animal, rather pale in colour. It does not appear to be a common 

 species, ranging from the North of Arakan to an undetermined distance southward, 

 and, according to Dr. Mason (MS.), to Toung-ngoo. In the Malayan Peninsula, it is 



