ARTIFICIAL ANALYSIS OF THE NATURAL ORDERS. XXXVII 



Class II. MONOCOTYLEDONOUS or ENDOGENOUS 

 PLANTS. 



Stem composed of cellular tissue ami scattered bundles of woody fibre 

 and vessels, destitute of proper pith, bark, or concentric layers, and in- 

 creasing in diameter by the deposition of new fibrous bundles. Leaves 

 mostly alternate, entire, and parallel-veined, commonly sheathing at the 

 base, seldom falling off by an articulation. Floral envelopes usually by 

 threes. Cotyledon single. 



* Floral envelopes none. Flowers on a spadix. 



Stemless, floating herbs. 



Plants frond-like, with no distinction of stem and leaves. LEMNACEiE, 442 

 Leaves clustered, spreading. Flowers axillary. Pistia in ARACE JE, 439 



Caulescent, leafy, rooting herbs. 



Fruit a berry. Spadix enclosed in a spathe. ARACE.E, 439 



Fruit an achenium. Stem immersed, floating. NAIADACE^E, 444 



Stem not immersed, erect. TYPHACFLE, 443 



# * Floral envelopes {perianth) single or double, not glumaceous. 



Ovary adherent to the perianth. 

 Stamens and pistil united into a column. Flowers irregular. ORCHIDACE.E, 452 



Stamens and pistil separate. 

 Flowers monoecious or dioecious. 



Flowers enclosed in a spathe in the bud. Aquatics. HYDROCHARIDACE.E 450 



Flowers without a spathe. Leaves reticulate. Terrestrial vines. DIOSCOREACE.E, 474 

 Flowers perfect. 

 Ovary 1-celled. Stamens 3. Leaves minute. BURMANNIACE.E, 451 



Ovary 3-celled. Stamen 1. Flowers irregular. CANNACEJ2, 465 



Stamens 3. Anthers extrorse. IRIDACE.E, 472 



Stamens 3 or 6. Perianth woolly or scurfy. ILEMODORACE.E 469 

 Stamens 6. Perianth smooth or hairy. AMARYLLIDACE.E, 466 



Ovary free from the perianth. 

 Perianth single (calyx). 

 Flowers on a spadix. Ovary solitary. ARACEJE, 439 



Ovaries 4. Stem leafy. NAIADACE.E, 444 



Flowers on a scape, spiked. Leaves rush-like. JUNCAGINEiE, 447 



Flowers on axillary peduncles. Leaves oval. ROXBURGMACEiE, 479 



Perianth double (calyx and corolla). 

 Calyx and corolla alike, or nearly so, and glume-like. JUNCACEiE, 492 



Calyx and corolla alike, or nearly so, and not glume-like. 



Leaves ribbed and netted-veined. Fruit a berry. SMILACEiE, 475 



Leaves parallel-veined. 

 Capsule 1-celled. Stamens, or the fertile ones, three PONTEDERIACE^, 496 



Capsule or berry 3- (rarely 4 or 6-) celled. 

 Anthers introrse (except Lilium). Style single. ) TTTTippar 4«o 



Stigmas 3, nearly sessile. ) 



Styles 3. ) MELANTHACE.E, 485 



Anthers extrorse (except Tofieldia). Styles 3 or 1. ) 

 Calyx and corolla unlike. 

 Ovaries few or numerous, forming achenia in fruit. ALISMACE2E, 447 



Ovary solitary. 

 Palms. Calyx tubular. Leaves fan-shaped. PALM2E, 437 



Epiphytes Plants scurfy. BROMELIACE.E, 470 



d 



