34 VI0LACEJ2. (VIOLET FAMILY.) 



* * * Flowers yellow. 



9. V. rotundifolia, Michx. Nearly smooth ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 longer than the short petioles ; lateral petals bearded — .Mountains of North 

 Carolina and northward. — Rhizoraa slender, bearing runners. Leaves flat- on 

 the ground. Petals striped a\ ith purple. 



§ 2. Leaves andjiowers borne on manifest stems : perennials. 

 * Stems leafy throughout. 



10. V. Muhlenbergii, Torr. Primary stems erect, the later ones pros- 

 trate ; leaves broadly cordate or reniform, crenate and roughened with minute 

 elevated points, the uppermost acute; stipules fringed ; spur obtuse, half as long 

 as the pale purple petals; lateral petals bearded. — Damp shades in the upper 

 districts and northward. 



Var. multicaulis, Torr. & Gray. Stems all prostrate and creeping; 

 leaves smaller, roundish, obscurely crenate, purple-veined. — Dry rocks and hills 

 in the lower districts. March and April. — Stems slender, 4' -6' long. 



1 1 . V. Striata, Ait. Stems ascending ; leaves cordate, serrate, rough- 

 ened as in No. 10, the uppermost often acute ; stipules large, fringed ; spur 

 thick, shorter than the large cream-colored petals ; lateral petals bearded, the 

 lower striped with puqile. — Mountains of Georgia and northward. April. — 

 Stems 10' - 12' high. Peduncles elongated. 



12. V. Canadensis, L. Tall; leaves large, broadly cordate, acuminate, 



coarsely serrate, longer than the peduncles; stipules nearly entire; spur very 

 short; petals white, externally purplish, the lateral ones bearded. — Rich soil 

 along the mountains of North Carolina and northward. May-August. — 

 Stems l°-2° high. 



* * Stems leafy at the summit : stipules entire. 



13. V. hastata, Michx. Smooth or hairy; leaves rhombic-ovate, hastate - 

 8-Iobed, <>r the lower ones 3-parted (V. tripartita, Ell.), serrate and commonly 

 acute; flowers small, yellow; lateral petals bearded, the lowest striped with 

 purple; spur very short. — Shaded hill-sides, Florida and northward. April 

 and May. — Stem 0'- 12' high. Stipules small. 



14. V. pubescens, Ait. Downy or woolly ; leaves broadly cordate, 

 [y serrate, mostly acute ; stipules large ; -pur very short ; flowers yellow, 



the lower petals veined with purple, bearded. — Dry rocky soil in the tipper dis- 

 tricts, and northward. April. — Stems 6'- 1 2' high. Capsules sometimes villous, 



$ 3. Stems leafy : root annual. 



15. V. tricolor, L., var. ai'vensis, DC Stems branching; lowest 



leave, roundish, the upper lanceolate, cut ire ; stipules leafy, pinnatilid ; tloncrs 



small, yellow and purple. — Cultivated ground. Introduced. — Stem 6' nigh. 



2. SOLE A, Ging. 

 Sepal, not produced at the base. Petal- unequal, the lowest one gibbous at 



the base and 'J lobed at the ape X . (lie others -mailer. StameUS "ith the tila merits 



united and produced above the anthers, the two lower ones glandular at the 



