188 COMTOSIT^E. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



shaped ; scales ovate, acute, fringed. — Dry rich -woods, Middle Florida. June 

 and July. — Stem 2° - 3° high. 



3. V. Noveboracensis, Willd. Stem moie or less pubescent, branched 

 above ; leaves lanceolate, serrate, mostly ronghish above, smooth or pubescent 

 beneath; corymbs spreading; involucre hemispherical, the scales fringed, ovate, 

 ending in a long filiform point, or simply acute. (V. tomentosa, Ell. V. prav 

 alta, Willd.) — River-hanks and low ground, Florida to Mississippi, and north- 

 ward. July-Sept. — Stem 3°-C° high. Scales of the involucre purple, and 

 usually covered with web-like hairs. 



4. V. fasciculata, Michx., var. altissima, Torr. & Gray. Stem tall, 

 and, like the lanceolate serrate leaves, smoothish; involucre small, hemispheri- 

 cal; the scales ovate, acute or mucronatc, fringed, appresscd. (V. altissima, 

 Xutt.) — Low ground, Florida to North Carolina, and westward. September. 

 — Stem 6° - 10° high. Leaves 6' - 1 2' long. 



5. V. angUStifolia, Michx. Stem slender, smooth or hairy, very leafy ; 

 leaves linear or linear-lanceolate, smoothish, or pubescent and ronghish, the low- 

 est ones sparingly denticulate, the upper entire, with the margins revolute ; cor- 

 ymbs mostly umhel-like ; involucre hell-shaped; the scales lanceolate, fringed, 

 acute or conspicuously mucronatc. (V. scaberrima, Nutt.) — Dry pine barrens, 

 Florida to North Carolina, and westward. June - August. — Stem 2°- 3° high. 



2. STOKESIA, L'llcr. 



Heads many-flowered ; the marginal flowers much larger, deeply split on the 

 inside, and ray-like. Involucre suhglobose, bractcd, the outer scales prolonged 

 into a leafy bristly-fringed appendage, the inner ones lanceolate and entire. Re- 

 ceptacle naked. Achenia short, 3-4-angled, smooth. Pappus composed <>f 

 4-5 filiform chaffy deciduous scales. — A sparingly branched downy-stemmed 

 perennial. Leaves smooth, lanceolate, entire, the upper ones sessile, and, like 

 the bracts, fringed at the base, the lowest narrowed into a slender petiole, lbad- 

 few or solitary, large, terminal. Flowers blue. 



1. S. cyanea, L'Her. — Wet pine ban-ens, South Carolina, and westward, 



very rare. — Steins 1°-1'° high. Heads 1' wide. 



3. ELEPHANTOPUS, L. Elk™ ant's-foot. 



II ids .'1 - r ) -flowered, crowded in terminal 3-bracted clusters, Mowers all 



equal and similar. Involucre compressed ; Bcales B, in 2 rows, dry, oblong, 

 acute, dotted. Receptacle naked. Corolla deeply split on one side, palmate. 

 Achenium oblong, ribbed, hairy. Pappus bristly from a dilated base, double or 

 Bingle. — Erecl hairy corymbose-branched perennials, with alternate ample leaves 



and purple or white flov 



l. E. Carolinianus, Willd. Stem leafy, hairy: leaves thin, oval or 

 oblong, incurved-serrate, hairy, tapering into a petiole; bracts ovate, longer 



