2-jO COMPOSITE. (COMPOSITE FAMILY.) 



others linear, elongated, entire or toothed ; achcnia somewhat top-shaped. — 

 Yar. montaxa. Stem manifest, decumbent ; upper leaves nearly opposite. 

 (Hyoseris inontana, Michx. ?) — Damp soil, Florida, and northward; the variety 

 on the mountains of North Carolina. March - May. — Scapes 6'- 12' high. 



84. HIEBACIUM, Tourn. 



Heads many-flowered. Scales of the involucre imbricated, or in 2 rows ; the 

 outer row short. Receptacle nearly naked. Achenia not heaked, commonly 

 terete or spindle-shaped, ribbed. Pappus a single row of persistent brownish- 

 white hairs. — Perennial herbs with alternate entire or toothed leaves, and single, 

 corvmbose, or paniclcd heads of yellow flowers. — Involucre, in our species, in 2 

 rows, the outer short and bract-like. 



1. H. scabrum, Michx. Stem stout, leafy, hirsute below, rough above ; 

 panicle somewhat corvmbose ; leaves oval, sessile ; the lowest spatulate-oblong, 

 hirsute ; peduncles and involucre tomentose and glandular-hispid ; achenia cylin- 

 drical. (II. Marianum, Ell.) — Open woods in the upper districts. Aug. and 

 Sept. — Stem l°-3° high. Heads large, many-flowered. 



2. H. Gronovii, L. Stem leafy and hirsute below, naked and smoother 

 above ; leaves entire or denticulate, hirsute ; the lowest spatulate-oblong ; the 

 upper small, sessile; panicle narrow, elongated ; achenia narrowed upward. — 

 Dry sandy soil, Florida, and northward. Sept. and Oct. — Stem l°-2° high, 

 Lowest leaves spreading on the ground. 



3. H. venosum, L. Stem slender, nearly leafless, smooth ; lowest leaves 

 oblong-obovate, smooth, or hirsute on the veins beneath, often veined with 

 purple ; the others (1 -3) small and remote ; heads small, in a spreading corym- 

 bose panicle, smoothish ; achenia linear. — Shady soil in the upper districts. 

 May - July. — Stem 1 ° - 2° high. 



4. H. paniculatum, L. Stem slender, leafy, villous below ; leaves thin, 

 lanceolate, denticulate, acute, smooth; panicle divaricate ; heads small, 12-20- 

 flowered ; involucre smooth; achenia short, not nan-owed upward. — Open 

 woods along the mountains, Georgia, and northward. Aug. and Sept — Stem 

 2° - 3° high. Peduncles filiform. 



85. NABALUS, Cass. 



Heads 5 - 20-flowercd. Involucre cylindrical, composed of 5 - 14 iinearscales, 

 and several short exterior ones. Receptacle naked. Achenia linear-oblong or 

 cylindrical, farrowed, glabrous, not narrowed upward. Pappna of numerous 



.straw-colored or brownish bristly hairs. — Perennial herbs, with bitter tuberous 

 roots, entire or variously lobed leaves, and nodding heads of yellowish white Of 



purplish flower-, in Bhorl racemes or clusters. 



l. N. albus, Hook. Smooth; stem paniculate, purplish ; leaves acutash, 

 angli d, toothed, or variously •'( - r> lobed or parted ; the lowest petioled ; the up- 

 permost nearly sessile ; racemes short, spreading; involucre purplish, of about 



