ICO umijki.lifkim:. (i-aksi.ky i'amm.y.) 



lol)i'(l or tootli, (1 k-avi's, luul wliitc or blue hractcd flowers floscly sessile in 

 dense hoails. 



* Fru!l srali/ : stnns erect. 



1. E. yuccaefolium, Midix. Leaves linear, eonravc, Iiristly or Fomc- 

 wliat spiny on tlic niar^'ins, parallel-veined; leaves of the involuerc mostly 

 entire, shorter than the broadly ovate head ; brarts entire. — Pine barrens, most- 

 ly in damp soil, Florida, and northward. June. ^ — Stem 2° -3° high. 

 Leaves distant, the lowest ones 1° - Ii° long. Plowers white. 



2. E. Ravenelii, Gray. Leaves linear, elongated, nearly terete, grooved 

 on the up|>er surface, obscurely denticulate; leaves of" the involucre 3-cleft, as 

 long as the head ; bracts 3-eleft, spine-pointed, longer than tlie flowers. — Low 

 pine barrens, near the head-waters of Cooper river. South Carolina. Ilavenel. 

 Sept. and Oct. — Stem 1 i° - 3° higli. Flowers white. 



3. E. Virginianum, Lam. Leaves linear-lanceolate, flat; the lowest 

 ones spiny-serrate wiili the teeth incurved, or nearly entire, veiny ; the upper 

 narrower, spiny or ])innatifid ; leaves of the involucre (blue) 3-5-eleft, longer 

 than the head ; bracts 3-eleft, as long as tlic flowers. — Marshes, Florida to 

 Mississippi, and norlliward. July. y. or (?) — Stem 2° -3° higii. Flowers 

 blue. 



4. E. prsealtum, Gray. Leaves lanceolate, flat, veiny, serrate; the u])- 

 j)cr ones linear, spiny-toothed; leaves of the involucre 2-3 times as long as the 

 head ; bracts tricuspidate, barely as long as tiic mature calyx. (E. Virginia- 

 num, Ell.) — Fresh marshes near the coast, Georgia to North Carolina. August. 



— Stem 4° -0° high. Lowest leaves 1°- 2° long and 2^' -3' wide. Flowci-s 

 white. 



5. E. virgatum, Lam. Leaves short, oblong or oblong-ovate, serrate, 

 the upper ones toothed or divided ; leaves of the involucre entire, or with 2-4 

 bristly teeth, longer than the head ; bracts 3-toothed. (E. ovalifolium, ^l/Zt/ir.) 



— Pine-barren swami)s, Florida to Norm-Carolina, and westward. August. — 

 Stem l°-2° long. Leaves 2' -3' long, sometimes cordate. Flowers blue. 



* * Fruit (jrawdar : steins diffuse. 



6. E. aromatieum, Baldw. Stems clustered, prostrate, very leafy; 

 leaves spatulate, pinnately lobed, cartilaginous on the margins ; the 3 upper 

 lobes broad and spine-pointed, the lower ones scattered and bristle-like ; leaves 

 of the involucre 3-cleft, longer than the globose head ; bracts 3-toothed. — Dry 

 pine barrens. East and South Florida. Sept. — Stems 1' long. 



7. E. Baldwinii, Spreng. Small, prostrate, branching ; leaves thin ; the 

 earliest ones o\ate, sharply serrate or toothed, long-petioled, the others 3-parted, 

 with the middle segment lanceolate and commonly 3-toothed ; leaves of the in- 

 volucre subulate, longer or shorter than the oblong head ; bracts spatulate, ob- 

 tuse, barely exceeding the calyx. — Low sandy pine baiTcns, Georgia, Florida, 

 and westward. Septemlter. Qp 1 — Stems 5'- 10' long. Flowers blue. 



8. E. Cervantesii, Laroch. Stems prostrate, diffusely branched ; earli- 

 est leaves lanceolate or oblong, entire, or sparingly toothed, long-petioled, the 

 others sessile, 3-parted, with the segments linear or filiform and entire ; leaves 



