17 t KUItlACK.l.. (.MAllDKK FAMILY.) 



2. G. uniflorurn, Miclix. Smuotli; stems mostly simple, slcndor, erect ; 

 loaves linear, acute, rou^h on the margins, punctate beneath ; berry smooth, 

 black. — Dry rich soil, Florida to South Carolina, and westward. June and 

 July. — Stems numerous, \° liigii. Flowers white. 



* * Fruit dry: ptdiiriclc^ commonly 3 - inany-Jlowen d. 

 3 G. trifidum, L. Stems slender, weak, smoolli or rough-angled, at 

 length ditVuse ; leaves 4-6 in a whorl, unequal, varying from linear to spatu- 

 late-lanccolatc, obtuse, smooth, or rough on the margins and midrib, the upper 

 ones often opposite; peduncles 1-3-flowerod; corolla-lol)es and stamens often 

 3; fruit smooth. (G. tinctorium, L.) — Wet places, Florida, and northward. 

 June and July. — Stems 1° - 2° long. Flowers white. Plant dries black. 



4. G. triflorum, Michx. Stems weak, diffuse, very rough; leaves 4-6 

 in a whorl, lanceolate or elliptical, cuspidate, the upper surface and veins be- 

 neath hispid ; j)cduncles mostly 3-flowercd ; fruit densely uncinate-hispid. — 

 Low shaded ])laccs, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. July — Stems 

 2° - 3° long. Flowers greenish-Avhite. A smoother form is G. cuspidatum, 

 Muhl. 



5. G. pilosum, Ait. Stems rigid, hairy or roughened on the angles, 

 branching; leaves small (4" -8"), 4 in a whorl, oval, sliglitly pointed, more or 

 less hairy and roughened, dotted ; peduncles 2-3 times forking ; fruit i)cdicelled, 

 bristly with hooked hairs. (G. Bermudianum, A7/, apparently a diseased state.) 

 — Dry soil, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. June -Sept. — Stem l°-3° 

 long. Flowers purple. 



6. G. ctreaezans, Michx. Stems erect, smooth or nearly so ; leaves large 

 (I'-lj'), 4 in a whorl, oval, mostly obtuse, 3-ncrved, pubescent; peduncles 

 forking, then spreading and spike-like ; fruit bristly with hooked hairs, nearly 

 sessile, nodding. — Dry open woods, Florida to Mississippi, and northward. 

 July. — Stems several, sparingly branched, 1° high. Flowers purple. 



7. G- latifolium, Michx. Stems erect, smooth ; leaves thin, 4 in a whorl, 

 ovate-lanceolate, acute, smooth, 3-nervcd, dotted, minutely fringed on the mar- 

 gins ; peduncles filiform, 2-3 limes forking; fruit smooth. — Mountains of 

 North Carolina, and northward. July. — Stems 1°-U° high. Leaves I' -2' 

 long. Flowers jturple. 



2. SPERMACOCE, L. 



Calyx 2 - 4-partcd, persistent. Corolla salver-shaped or funnel-shaped, 4-lobed, 

 valvatc in the bud. Stamens 4, inserted on the throat of the corolla. Stigma 

 simple or 2-cleft. Fruit composed of two 1 -seeded carpels, separating from the 

 apex downward, one of them closed by the partition, the other open. Seeds 

 grooved on the inner face. — Low herbs. Leaves obliquely straight-veined, 

 their biiscs connected by the bristly-fringed sheathing stipules. Flowers small, 

 in axillary sessile clusters. 



L S. glabra, Michx. Stem 4-anglcd, smooth, erect ; leaves lanceolate or 



oblong, acute, roughened on the margins and veins beneath ; clusters globose, 



