22 H. G. SIMMONS. [sec. ARCT. EXP. FRAM 



Judging from available herbarium specimens it must be a very rare 

 form, limited entirely to Ellesmereland or perhaps also spread to the 

 south west. Indeed, I cannot affu-m that other specimens than those 

 mentioned by Dahlstedt, 1. c, p. 27, belong to it, as the other specimens 

 that I am inclined to refer to it, were in a rather bad state. Such was 

 the case especially with the specimen of Feilden, mentioned below, 

 which I take to belong here only because it had the characteristic 

 leaves of T. pumilum. Dahlstedt, 1. c, p. 28, thinks the stunted form 

 of T. Dens-Leonis, that Hart, I. c, p. 38, speaks of as frequent in Dis- 

 covery Bay, to be this species, which is the more probable as Greely, 

 1. c, p. 14, says under T. officinale var. pallida: ''There were two 

 shades of colour, deep yellow, and yellowish white". The latter doubt- 

 less is T. hypardicum, but the former accords best with T. pumilum. 



All the species of the phymatocarpum-group must be presumed 

 to be of a very late origin, because of their existence only within rather 

 limited areas, mostly inside the line of former glaciation, but among the 

 forms here in question T. pumilum may be taken to be the youngest, 

 as its area seems to be even smaller than that of the others. 



Occurrence. North Coast: Dumbbell Harbour, leg. Feilden (Nat. 

 Hist. Museum herb.!). East Coast: Discovery Harbour, Hart, Greely (?) 

 South Coast: Goose Fjord (8394, cf. note p. 21). 



Distribution: Arctic American Archipelago: Ellesmereland, Mel- 

 ville Island (I must refer hither a specimen in the Nat. Hist. Mus., col- 

 lected by Sabine). That T. pumilum should have come to Ellesmere- 

 land from the west is made probable by its appearence in the northern 

 part of the land as well as in the south-western part, whereas it is 

 doubtless lacking in the Hayes Sound region, where I could hardly 

 have overlooked it, as the shape of its leaves 'is so different from that 

 of the common form. 



Arnica alpina, (L.) Olin. 



A. alpina, Olin, Diss. Am., 1799; Lange, Consp. Fl. Groenl.; Kruuse, List E. Greenl.; 

 Nathorst, N. W. Gronl.; Ledebour, Fl. Ross.; Kjellman, in Vegaexp. ; An- 

 DERSSON & Hesselman, Spetsb. karlv.; Britton & Brown, 111. Fl. (ex p.?); Sim- 

 mons, Prel. Rep. et Bot. Aib. ; A. montana /3 alpina, Linnn^us, Sp. plant., 

 1753; A. montana /? angustifolia, Hooker, Fl. Bor. Amer., non Duby: A. 

 angnstifolia, Vahl, Fl. Dan., T. 1524; A. montana, Hart, Bot. Br. Pol. Exp.; 

 Greely, Rep. 



Fig. Sv. Bot., T. 699; Fl. Dan., T. 1524. 



The Ellesmereland plant is in accord with specimens from Green- 

 land and Scandinavia, etc. As a rule, each individual had only one 



