118 H.G.SIMMONS. [sec. ARCT. EXP. FRAM 



soil, it gets longer internodes, more leafy branches, and longer flower 

 stalks which are often two- or three-flowered, that is to say, it goes 

 over to var. hirta. I saw it largest and most flourishing on the north 

 side of Fram Harbour, where it formed large, wide-spread, many- 

 flowered tufts. The flowers here also were larger than usual, and had 

 the petals almost longer than the sepals. The flower is pure white in 

 aU my specimens, including the smallest and most condensed forms of 

 var. ruhella from open, dry, and sunny localities. 



The species is spread all over the country in almost every kind of 

 soil, except the swamps, but seldom abundant. Flowers were seen from 

 the middle of June; generally it flowered and fruited abundantly. 



Occurrence. North coast (Hart). Grinnell Land: Discovery 

 Harbour (Hart, Greely). Hayes Sound district: reported by Hart and, 

 according to Th. Holm, collected by Stein in the Weyprecht Islands; 

 commonly distributed. Specimens of var. hirta from: Fram Harbour 

 (1089); of var. rubella from: "Fort Juliane" (670), Skraling Island 

 (1384), Lastraea Valley (854), Fram Harbour (1418, 1886), Bedford Pirn 

 Island (271, 446, 1190). Also a form with 4-valved capsule was found 

 in Bedford Pim Island (4232). South coast: common. Specimens of 

 var. hirta from: Fram Fjord (1632); several places in the Harbour 

 Fjord, at the anchorage (2544), Lake Valley (2649), „green patch" (2556), 

 Seagull Rock (2583); Goose Fjord, Yellow Hill (3954); generally single 

 individuals among var. ruhella. Specimens of var. ruhella from: Fram 

 Fjord (4262); Harbour Fjord, valley on Sir Inglis Peak (2169), Lake 

 Valley (2476), Spade Point (2576), Barren Vallies (2648); Muskox Fjord 

 (2118); Goose Fjord, east of 3rd quarters (3186, 3302, 3429. 3492), 

 Gallows Point (2992), Bottom-valley (3272), Yellow Hill (3594), Castle 

 Point (3961). West coast: along the Hell Gate, Lands End (2849), 

 between Eidsfjord and Baumann Fjord (2735, leg. Baumann). 



Distribution: East and West Greenland, Arctic American 

 Archipelago, Arctic America, Labrador, Canada, Vermont, Rocky Moun- 

 tains to Arizona, Alaska, Arctic Siberia, Kamshatka, mountains down 

 to the Altai, Caucasus, Arctic Russia, Novaja Semlja, Spitsbergen, Franz 

 Joseph Land, Northern Scandinavia, Alps, Pyrenees, Great Britain, 

 Faeroes, Iceland. 



