14 THE RARITAN FLORA. 



The next author to take up a study of the Raritan flora was 

 Professor Newberry, whose work extended over a number of 

 years, during which several minor papers were pubHshed, and 

 which cuhninated in his Flora of the Amboy Clays, issued in 

 1896, as Monograph XXVI. of the U. S. Geological Survey, 

 after the death of its eminent author. In this work, 156 species 

 were described. These included, however, species outside the 

 Raritan formation and younger in age, in one instance even 

 including a Pleistocene species from the Fish House Clays. 

 Then, too, Professor Newberry, through failing health, was un- 

 able to complete his work, and the posthumous monograph too 

 often lacks information regarding the localities from which the 

 various forms were collected. 



The name Raritan, as a formational name, was proposed by 

 Prof. W. B. Clark, in 1893, to replace Professor Cook's litho- 

 logical term. Plastic Clays, although the boundaries of the for- 

 mation remained practically the same. The former author at 

 one time considered the Raritan the uppermost formation of the 

 Potomac group, the older formations of which are so largely 

 developed in Maryland and to the southward. In this he was 

 followed by Prof. L. F. Ward and others, but the Potomac 

 group has subsequently been restricted to include the Lower 

 Cretaceous Patuxent, Arundel and Patapsco formations. 



In 1904 the present State Geologist, Henry B. Kiimmel, in 

 collaboration with Heinrich Ries and G. N. Knapp, published 

 a very complete report on the Clays and Clay Industry of New 

 Jersey, in which the Raritan is fully treated. In this report the 

 Raritan is divided into the following members in Middlesex 

 County •} 



Amboy stoneware clay, 30 ft. 



Sand bed No. 3 (at times argillaceous and lignitic), 50 ft. 



South Amboy fire clay, 25 ft. 



Sand bed No. 2, 45 ft. 



Woodbridge clay, 30 to 60 ft. 



Sand bed No. i, 35 ft. 



Raritan clay, 35 ft- 



^ Final Rept. State Geol., Vol. VI, 1904, p. 166. 



