X PREFACE. 



W. T. Shaw, Peter Koch, Mrs. Kennedy, Mrs. Light, Professor 

 Jennings and others, Montana College of Agriculture and Mechan- 

 ical Arts, Bozeman, numerous specimens. 



R. S. Williams, Professor Aven Nelson, Dr. Blankinship, and 

 others, 1880-99, ^^^w York Botanical Garden. 



F. D. Kelsey, F. W. Anderson, Professor Traphagen, Dr. Chas. 

 H. Hall, Miss Mary Compton, Addison Brown, Burglehaus, 

 Letterman, and others, 1880-99, Columbia University. 



The only important collections from Montana or the Yellowstone 

 Park of which I have knowledge, and to which I have not had 

 access, are the private herbarium of Rev. F. D. Kelsey and the 

 collection made by Dr. J. N. Rose in the Yellowstone Park. 



We have recently received from the Montana College of Agricul- 

 ture and Mechanical Arts a number of duplicates from the herbarium 

 of Mr. R. S. Williams, lately secured by that institution. At the 

 time of their receipt b}^ us the larger part of this memoir was in print, 

 and it was therefore impossible to incorporate in it the unrecorded 

 species found in this duplicate collection. As the additions were im- 

 portant it has been deemed advisable to append a list of them. It 

 was considered unnecessary, however, to indicate the additional 

 specimens of species already mentioned. 



In the body of the catalogue are listed all specimens seen by me 

 up to September, 1899. No species or specimen has been admitted 

 on mere report, and only a few which I have not seen myself, and 

 these on reliable authority. These exceptions are indicated in each 

 case. 



On the accompanying map of the state of Montana and the Yel- 

 lowstone Park the localities mentioned in this catalogue at which 

 collections have been made are indicated, with the exception of 

 about a dozen which I have been unable to place. It will be seen 

 from this map that the area east of the io8th meridian on the south 

 side of the Missouri River and of the 112th meridian on the north 

 side is practically unexplored botanically. This region includes 

 about two-fifths of the whole state, and is made up in large part of 

 the Great Plains, smaller mountain ranges, and the *' bad lands." 

 Its topographical features resemble those of the adjoining parts of 

 western Dakota and northeastern Wyoming, and its flora, so far as 

 can 'be determined from the limited material at hand, is almost iden- 

 tical with that of those states. When this portion of Montana shall 



