698 The American Naturalist. 



[August, 



let called Dugway, quite as far from the lake shore as the lakes 

 we are discussing, where the wind drifts the sand very con- 

 siderably. Another one is said to occur between Sand Bank 

 and Centerville in the same town. A visit to the former 

 showed that the wind was actually moving a hill east, moving 

 it grain by grain, but nevertheless very rapidly. The high- 

 way running north from Dugway formerly passed along the 

 east side of the hill near its base. Old residents told me that 

 the hill was originally wooded. After being cleared away it 

 was cultivated and finally was seeded and used as a pasture. 

 The work of the wind began when it was used as a sheep pas- 

 ture. The sand drifted into the road until the people were 

 hardly able to haul loads over it. An attempt was made to 

 stop the sand by building a high board fence. The sand im- 

 mediately began to drift against the fence and finally drifted 

 over it, so that now only the tops of the boards can be seen. 

 Failing in their attempt to fence out the sand, the people have 

 bridged it over with planks for a distance of forty rods or more. 

 All this goes to show that the west winds in this region are 

 unusually strong, and produce a decided effect upon other 

 features of the region as well as upon tlie lakes.^ 



UNIFORMITY IN MOOR FLORA. 



One of the strongest pieces of evidence to support the view 

 that the whole face of the country was once covered with a 

 vegetation much more like that in our moors than like that 

 upon our highlands, is the uniformity of the moor flora. The 

 sphagnous moors are isolated, but we find the same species of 

 plants in them all. It is impracticable for plants to migrate 

 from one to another at the present time. The moors remind 

 one of an island in the open sea — islands which preserve to us 

 a primitive flora. 



So constantly are certain species present in the moois oi the 

 whole eastern United States, that upon entering a njoor one 

 begins to look for certain species, and at once misses any one 

 that does not happen to occur in that particular moor. An 



^ Since writing the above, Warming's Oekologische PflanzengeograpMe has ap- 

 peared, and in it, p. 365, is described the effect of the wind upon the lakes and 

 moors of Denmark. The effect is the same as here described. 



