GRASS FAMILY 35 



Ligules 1-2 mm. long, truncate, rounded or abruptly acute. 



Plant 2-4 dm. high; leaves mostly basal and stiff, short, seldom 8 cm. long; ligules 



rounded. 63. P. juncifolia. 



Plant taller, 4-10 dm. high, leafy; leaves longer. 



Internerves of the lemma glabrous; nerves silky. 36. P. glaucifolia. 



Internerves of the lemma as well as the nerves scabrous. 



Leaves filiform, less than 1 mm. wide. 64. P. brachyglossa. 



Leaves flat or involute, but not filiform, 2-5 ram. wide. 



Ligules ovate or rounded.acute or obtuse ;leaves soft. 65. P. confuaa. 

 Ligules truncate; leaves stiff. 



Inflorescence very narrow; branches erect. 66. P. truncata. 



Inflorescence more open, lobed; branches ascending. 



67. P. ampla. 



65. SCOLOCHLOA Link. \. S. fesiuc:ma. 



66. PANICULARIA Fabr. Manna-grass. 



Spikelets ovate or oblong, 6 mm. long or less. 



Lemma 7-nerved, obscurely denticulate at the apex. 



Spikelets 2-4 mm. long; lemma broadly oval, 1.5-2 mm. long. 



Leaf-blades flat and lax; lemma slightly scarious-margined; branches of the 

 inflorescence long; empty glumes obtuse. 

 Plant slender; branches of the mflorescence strongly ascending, nodding. 



1. P. nervata. 

 Plant stout; branches of the inflorescence spreading or reflexed, not nodding. 



2. P. elata. 

 Leaf-blades condupUcate, stiff, ascending; lemma distinctly scarious-mar- 

 gined; branches of the inflorescence short, strongly ascending, not droop- 

 ing. 3. P. rigida. 



Spikelets 4-6 mm. long; lemma narrowly oval, 2-3 mm. long; inflorescence ample; 

 branches Anally spreading. 

 Lemma barely scarious-margined; empty gliunes acute, lanceolate. 



4. P. grandis. 

 Lemma with broad scarious margins; empty glumes obtuse. 5. P. pulchella. 

 Lemma 5-nerved, distinctly dentate at the apex, broadly scarious-margined. 



Spikelets 4-6-flowered. 6. P. pauciflora. 



Spikelets 2-flowered. 7. P. Holmii. 



Spikelets linear, 10 mm. long or more; lemma 7-nerved, erose. 



Spikelets 10-17 mm. long, onpedicelsatleast one-third their length. 



8. P. borealis. 

 Spikelets 15-20 mm. long, subsessile or nearly so. 9. P. septentrionalis. 



67. PUCCINELLIA Pari. Meadow-grass. 



Leaves mostly basal; panicle less than 1 dm. long. 1. P. Lemmoni. 

 Leaves scattered on the stem; panicle usuafly more than 1 dm. long. 



Lemma 2-2.5 mm. long, distinctly nerved. 2. P. Nullalliana. 



Lemma 2 mm. long or less, obscurely nerved. 3. P. tenuiflora. 



68. FESTtJCA L. Fescue-grass. 

 Perennials; stamens 3. 



Leaf-blades of the innovations narrow, 3 mm. wide or less, involute. 



Innovations extravaginal ; i. e., plants with creeping rootstocks and stolons; 

 leaves smooth. 

 Spikelets pubescent. 1. F. Kilaibeliana. 



Spikelets glabrous or scabrous. 



Body of the lemma .5-7 mm. long; leaf-blades rather firm. 



Stem-leaves with flat ))lades; innovations numerous. 2. F. rubra. 

 Stem-leaves with filiform involute blades; innovations few. 



3. F. vallicola. 

 Body of the lemma about 4 mm. long; leaf-blades filiform, soft. 



4. F. Earlei. 

 Innovations intra vaginal ; plants bimch-grasses. 



Ligules short, truncate or roimded. 



Body of the lemma 3-8 mm. long ; leaf-blades long, persistent on the sheaths ; 

 palet obtuse or 2-toothed at the apex. 

 Pulvini at the bases of the branches of the panicle none or obsolete; 

 tufts easily separable. 

 Lemma (without the awns) 3-4-mm. long, not half longer than the 

 first glume; plant 1-2 (rarely 3) dm. high; inflorescence 

 spike-like. 

 Lemma lanceolate, long-acuminate and long-awned; panicle 

 dense; leaf-blades short, scarcely filiform. 

 Leaf-blades soft and sulcate, at least in age. 



5. F. brachyphylla. 

 Leaf-blades firm and terete, even in age. 6. F. supina. 

 Lemma oblong-lanceolate, abruptly contracted into a short awn ; 

 panicle lax; leaf-blades narrowly flhform and soft. 



7. F. minutiflora. 

 Lemma (without the awns) 5-8 mm. long; plant usually over 3 dm. 



high. 

 Old sheaths of the innovations brown and papery. 



8. F. calligera. 



