92 RANUNCULACEAE 



15. CALTHA (Rupp.) L. Marsh-marigold, Meadow-gowan. 



Stem scapiform or rarel> with a small leaf, erect; sepals white or greenish white. 



Plant 1-3 dm. liigh, often 2-flowerecl; leaf-blades orbicular or oval, 3-10 cm. long. 

 Filaments narrower than and twice as long as the anthers; folUcles erect. 



1. C. Icptosepala. 

 Filaments broader than the anthers and only slightly longer; follicles ascending 

 or more or less spreading above. 2. C. rotiinriifolia. 



Plant 5-8 cm. liigh, one-flowered: leaf-blades 1-2 cm. long; filaments broader than 

 the anthers and 2-3 times as long. 3. C. chelidonii. 



Stem leafy, creeping or floating. 4. C. nutans. 



16. TROLLIUS L. Globe-flower. l. T. albiflorus. 



17. COPTIS Salisb. Gold-thread. l. C. trifoliata. 



18. CHRYSOCOPTIS Nutt. l. C. occidentalis 



19. ACTAEA L. Baneberry. 



Filaments wliitish; raceme short; pedicels in fruit 1-3 cm. long. 



Fruit wliite, ellipsoid, 9-12 mm. long. 1. A. eburnea. 

 Fruit red. 



Fruit ellipsoid, 10-12 mm. long. 2. A. rubra. 



Fruit spherical or nearly so, 5-7 mm. long. 3. A. argula. 

 Filaments greenish; raceme elongate; pedicels very short, even in fruit less than 1 cm. 



long; fruit red. 4. A. viridiflora. 



20. AQUILEGIA (Tourn.) L. Columbine. 



Plant very low; stem scapiform and 1-flowered; spur curved; flower blue or purple. 



1. A. Jonesii. 

 Stem more or less leafy. 



Petals merely saccate, not spurred at the base; terminal leaflet rhombic, acute. 



2. A. Eastwoodiae. 

 Petals spurred; all leaflets obtuse. 



Lamina of the petals longer than the strongly curved spurs, truncate. 



Stems many times exceeding the basal leaves; styles in fruit about one-fourth 



as long as the follicles. 3. A. brcii.styla. 



Stem only slightly exceeding the basal leaves; styles in fruit about half as long 

 as the follicles. 

 Plant perfectly glabrous; flowers blue. 4. A. saximontana. 



Peduncles and follicles sparingly hairy; flowers sulphur-yellow or greenish. 



5. A. larimiensis. 

 Lamina of the petals shorter than the slightly curved or straight spurs. 



Spur not over 2 cm. long; flowers nodding. 



Sepals and spurs red; spur usually straight (except in No. 9). 



Lamina of the petals small, less than 4 mm. long or none; sepals spread- 

 ing or reflexed. 

 Sepals 10-15 mm. long, shorter than or rarely equalling the spurs. 



6. A. truncata. 

 Sepals 15-25 nun. long, exceeding the spurs. 7. A. columbiana. 



Lamina of the petals 6-12 mm. long. 



Sepals spreading or reflexed, longer than the spurs. S. A. formosa. 

 Sepals ascending, usually shorter than the spiirs. 



Sepals much longer than the lamina of the petals; spur incurved. 



9. A. latiuscula. 

 Sepals equalling or little exceeding the lamina of the petals; 

 spur straight. 

 Spur gradually tapering to the apex; follicles glabrous. 



10. A. rubicunda. 

 Spur cyUndric-flliform for some distance near the apex; fol- 

 Ucles pubescent. 11. A. elegantula. 

 Sepals and spurs wholly yellow; spur usually slightly curved. 



Leaves thick, densely pubescent beneath; spur slender, abruptly nar- 

 rowed near the base. 12. A. micruntha. 

 Leaves tliin, glabrous or glabrate; spur gradually tapering to near the 

 apex. 13. A. flavcscens. 

 Spur 2.5-6 cm. long; flowers in anthesis usually erect. 

 Basal leaves usually twice ternate; spur 3-4 cm. long. 



Sepals blue or white, ovate-lanceolate, acute or obtuse; spur 3-5 cm. 

 long. 

 Stem (except the upper part) and petioles glabrous. 



Plant 3-5 dm. high; leaflets thin, rather large, not conspicuously 



glaucous. 14. A. coerulea. 



Plant 1-2 dm. high; leaflets thick, small and conspicuously 

 glaucous. 15. A. scopulorum. 



Stem and petioles glandular and villous throughout. 



16. A. pallens. 

 Sepals yellow, lanceolate, somewhat acuminate; spur 2.5-3 cm. long. 



17. A. oreophila. 

 Basal leaves usually thrice ternate; spur 4-7 cm. long; sepals yellow. 



