176 VACCINIACEAE 



Family 99. VACCINIACEAE. Huckleberry Family. 



Petals united into a gamopetalous corolla. 



Ovary half- inferior; berry wliite, acute; low creeping plants. 1. Chiogenes. 



Ovary wholly inferior; berry blue, black, or red, rounded; shrubs or undershrubs. 

 Filaments glabrous; anthers 2-awned on the back; leaves deciduous. 



2. Vaccinium. 

 Filaments pubescent; anthers awnless. 



Ovary and berry incompletely 10-celled, by a false partition, intruding from 



tlie back of each cell; leaves thin, deciduous. 3. Cyanococcus. 



Ovary and berry 4- or 5-celled; no false partitions; leaves leathery, persistent. 



4. VlTIS-lDAEA. 



Petals distinct; delicate prostrate vines. 5. OXTCOCCUS. 



1. CHIOGENES Salisb. Creeping Snowberry, Moxie Plum, Capillaire. 



1. C. hispidula. 



2. VACCINIUM L. Bilberry, Whortleberry, Huckleberry. 



Branches not angled. 



Leaves entire-margined. 



Leaves broadly obovate or oval, strongly reticulate. 1. V. iiliginosum. 



Leaves oblong-obovate to oblanceolate, pale, not strongly reticulate. 



2. V. occidentale. 

 Leaves serrate. 3. V. caespilosum. 



Branches angled. 



Fruit purplish, black, or blue; leaves more than 1 cm. long. 



Corolla depressed-globular; fruit piu-ple; leaves obtuse or acute, crenulate or sub- 

 entire. 4. V. globulare. 

 Corolla romided-ovoid. 



Leaves subentire, obtuse; fruit blue, with a bloom. 5. V. ovalifolium. 



Leaves serrate, acute or acuminate; frmt black, without a bloom. 

 Shrub tall; leaves 2-5 cm. long; fruit 8-10 mm. in diameter. 



6. V. menibranaceum. 

 Shrub low, 1-3 dm. high; leaves 1-1.5 cm. long; fruit 5-8 mm. in diameter. 



7. V. oreophilum. 

 Fruit bright red; leaves usually less than 1 cm. long. 



Leaves serrate, light green on both sides. 8. V. scoparium. 



Leaves entire, dull and pale, especially beneath. 9. V. parvifolium. 



3. CYANOCOCCUS (A. Gray) Rydb. Blueberry. 



Leaves entire, as well as the branches pubescent. 1. C. canadensis. 



Leaves serrate, glabrous, except sometimes the veins and margins; branches glabrous 

 or wth pubescent lines. 2. C. pennsylvanicus. 



4. VITIS-IDAEA (Tourn.) Moench. Mountain Cranberry, Swedish 



Cranberry. l. V. Viiis-Idaea. 



5. OXYCOCCUS (Tourn.) Hill. Cranberry. 



Leaves ovate or lanceolate, 4-8 mm. long; fruit globose; bracts subulate or filiform. 



Leaves strongly revolute, acute; fruit 6-9 mm. in diameter; flowers strictly terminal. 



1. O. Oiycoccus. 

 Leaves not revolute, mostly obtusish; fruit 10-12 mm. in diameter; flowers often 

 surpassed by a leafy shoot. 2. O. intermedins. 



Leaves elliptic or oblong, obtuse, 6-14 mm. long; flowers mostly lateral; bractlets 

 lanceolate or oblong, foliaceous; fruit roimded-ellipsoid. 3. O. macrocarpus. 



Family 100. PRIMULACEAE. Primrose Family. 



Ovary wholly superior and free. 

 Corolla present. 



Corolla-lobes erect or spreading; stamens distinct, e.xcept in Lysirnachia. 



Corolla salverform or funnelform, its lobes imbricate; stamens included; 

 plants scapose; leaves in rosettes, either on the basal crown or at the 

 ends of short branches of the caude.x. 

 CoroUa-tiibe equalling or exceeding the calyx; style filiform. 



Truly scapose perennials, simple, bearing a single tuft of leaves on the 



short crown; seeds numerous. 1. Primul.\. 



Low suffruticose perennials; leaves rosulate or imbricate at the ends 

 of the branches of the caudex; seeds few'. 2. DoUGL.\SL\. 



Corolla-tube shorter than the calyx, its throat constricted; style very short. 

 Cespitose, rosulate peremiials; capsule few-seeded. 3. Dros.\ce. 

 Scapose annuals; capsule many-seeded. 4. Androsace. 



Corolla rotate, its lobes convolute or involute in bud; stamens exserted; plants 

 leafy-stemmed. 

 Capsule opening lengthwise; erect plants. 



Flowers mostly 7-merous; corolla wliite; proper leaves clustered near 

 the top of the stem, the lower ones reduced. 5. Trientaus. 



