220 CAPRIFOLIACEAE 



Shrubs: stamens generally 5. 

 Fruit a few-seeded berry. 



Corolla rarely gibbous at the base, regular or nearly so; fruit 2-seeded. 



4. Symphoricarpos. 



CoroUa gibbous at the base, mostly irregular and bilabiate; fruit several-seeded. 



Flowers in heads at the ends of the branches or in verticUs in the upper a.xils; 



upper leaves connate: vines. 5. Loxicera. 



Flowers in pairs on a.xlllary peduncles; leaves not connate: erect shrubs. 

 Bracts and bractlets minute, not foliaceous; berries of the two flowers 



more or less united. G. Xylosteon. 



Bracts and bractlets foliaceous: berries of the two flowers distinct. 



7. Dlstegia 

 Fruit a 2-celled capsule; corolla slightly gibbous and somewhat irregular. 



8. DiERVILLA. 



1. SAMBUCUS (Tourn.) L. Elder. 



Cyme not flat-topped, thjTsoid-paniculate, the axis continuous. 

 Fruit red or rarely yellow. 



Young branches, inflorescence and the lower surfaces of the leaves pubescent. 



1. S. pubens. 

 Whole plant glabrous. 2. S. microbotrys. 



Fruit black. 3. S. mclanocarpa. 



Cyme flat-topped, umbelhform, 4-o-rayed, the rays again variously compound: fruit 

 blackish. 

 Fruit without bloom or nearly so. generally less than 5 mm. broad. 



Leaflets ovate, ovate-lanceolate, to obovate, dark green. 4. S. canadensis. 



Leaflets lanceolate, pale green. 5. S. neomcxicana. 



Fruit with copious bloom, generally over 5 mm. broad. 6. S. coerulea. 



2. VIBURNUM (Tourn.) L. Arrow-wood, Cranberry Tree, 



Snow-Balls. 



Leaves palmately veined, usually 3-lobed; fruit red. 



Outer flowers of the cyme large, neutral and radiant. 1. V. Opulus. 



None of the flowers radiant. 2. V. pauciflorum. 

 Leaves pinnately veined, not lobed; fruit blue or black. 



Leaves coarsely dentate, pubescent. 3. V. pubcscens. 



Leaves sharply but finely serrulate, glabrous or nearly so. 4. V. Lentago. 



3. LINNAEA (Gronov.) L. Twin-flower. 



Calyx-lobes about 2 mm long; leaves round, oval, or orbicular. 1. L. amcricana. 



Calyx-lobes about 4 mm. long; leaves of the fertile shoots mostly broadly obovate-spatu- 



iate. 2. L. longiflora. 



4. SYMPHORICARPOS (Dill.) Ludw. Coral-berry, Snow-berry, 



Wolf-berry, Stag-berry. 



Corolla short, open-campanulate. 



Fruit red; style bearded. 1. S. Symphoricarpos. 



Fruit wliite; style glabroios. 



Style and stamens somewhat exserted; leaves thick. 2. S. occidenlalis. 



Style and stamens not exserted: leaves rather tliin. 



Erect shrub; leaves 2-5 cm. long: clusters several-flowered. 



3. S. racemosus. 

 Diffuse shrub; leaves 1-2.5 cm. long; clusters 1-2-flowered. 



4. .S. pauciflorus. 

 Corolla elongate, oblong-campanulate to salverform. 



Style glabrous; corolla with short, slightly spreading lobes. 

 Corolla oblong-campanulate, 6-S mm. long. 



Leaves decidedly pubescent; stem puberulent: leaves rounded-oval, obtuse or 



rounded at the apex. 5. S. rotundifolius. 



Leaves glabrate or shghtly pubescent. 



Leaves rounded-ovate oi rounded-oval, 3-4 cm. long. 



6. S. utahensis. 

 Leaves oval, acute, 1-2 cm. long. 7. S. vaccininides. 



Corolla tubular-funnelform, 8-12 mm. long. S. .S. oreophilus. 



Style bearded; corolla salverform, with long divaricate lobes, y. S. lomjiflorus. 



6. XYLOSTEON Adans. Bush or Fly Honeysuckle, Twinberry. 



Leaves pale or glaucous, thick, narrow, oblong; fruit black or black-blue with a bloom. 



1. X. cocrulcum. 

 Leaves bright green, thin, usually broad; fruit red. 



Leaves glabrous, oval or broadly oblong. 2. X. utahense. 



Leaves pubescent and cihate, ovate or broadly oval, often subcordate at the base. 

 Leaves rounded at the apex; bracts 1 mm., about one-tliird as long as the ovaries 



3. X. ehraclu latum. 

 Leaves acute or obtuse; bracts one-half as long as the ovaries or more. 



4. .Y. ciliatuin. 



7. DISTEGIA Raf. Swamp Honey'suckle, Bearberry*. l. D. incolucrata. 



